After reviewing the record and the briefs of the parties, we affirm the district court judgment.

The district court did not abuse its discretion in refusing appellant’s motion to recuse. A judicial ruling in an earlier case is not grounds for recusal.

The district court also did not abuse its discretion in denying plaintiff’s motion for default judgment.

The district court properly concluded that plaintiff failed to set forth the essential elements of any claim upon which relief can be granted. The district court, therefore, correctly granted the defendant’s motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim.

AFFIRMED.