Jesus Ortega pleaded guilty to conspiracy to smuggle goods from the United States. He was sentenced to 48 months of imprisonment and three years of supervised release. He now appeals, arguing that he was entitled to a minor participant adjustment pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2(b).

Whether a defendant is a minor participant is a “sophisticated factual determination” reviewed for clear error. United States v. Garcia, 242 F.3d 593, 597-98 (5th Cir. 2001) (citation omitted). “[I]n order to qualify as a minor participant, a defendant must have been peripheral to the advancement of the illicit activity.” United States v. Miranda, 248 F.3d 434, 446-47 (5th Cir. 2001) (citation omitted). Ortega wrapped and concealed 33 firearms and thousands of rounds of ammunition in a vehicle and participated in the attempted exportation of the firearms from the United States to Mexico. He was aware the guns were being smuggled to Mexico illegally and for money. The conclusion that his contribution to the illegal activity was more than peripheral is plausible in light of the record as a whole; thus, it is not clearly erroneous. See United States v. Villanueva, 408 F.3d 193, 203-04 (5th Cir. 2005); United States v. Brown, 54 F.3d 234, 240-41 (5th Cir. 1995).

The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.