Bry Block Mercantile Co. v. Columbia Portrait Co.
Opinion of the Court
In the court below, the Portrait Company, hereafter called the plaintiff, recovered a judgment against the Mercantile Company, hereafter called the defendant. The judgment was based on a contract whereby the defendant was to adopt an advertising scheme being exploited by the plaintiff. The scheme was that the defendant would issue to its customers, with each purchase, coupons or memoranda showing the amounts of purchases made, and, when these purchases amounted to $10, it would furnish to the customer, without charge, an artistic reproduction, called a medallion, of any photograph which the customer sent in for that purpose. These medallions were to be made by the plaintiff for defendant at a stated price, the defendant agreed to buy them from plaintiff only, and the contract was to continue for a yeár.
To the declaration alleging that after a short time the defendant had refused to carry out the contract, but had procured its similar medallions from another company, whereby the plaintiff was damaged in the amount of the profits it would have made on the medallions it would have furnished, the defendant pleaded that the contract had been procured by certain fraudulent representations. Plaintiff demurred, the demurrer was sustained, a judgment entered by default, dam
It was part of the contract that the plaintiff would furnish also frames for the medallions, and the representation was that the defendant would be able to charge its customers profit, enough on the frames to repay it for the medallions and for all the cost of operating the scheme. The first representation pleaded is that three other named dealers in other cities had operated the plan, and had found that the profits on frames were sufficient to pay all expenses. This representation is said to have been depended upon, and to have been false. Obviously, its truth could not be material, unless a great many conditions in other cities were so similar in these earlier cases to the Memphis conditions affecting defendant that this experience would be a useful guide; and whether that similarity did exist would be, in most respects, matter of opinion. Especially is this true as to the amount of effort and ability given and to be given by the respective merchants in order to make' the scheme successful. While the question is not free from doubt, we think it beyond the safe limits of the established rule to allow a rescission for fraud to be predicated upon such representations made in the surroundings shown without dispute by this record.
The next representation pleaded is that the frames which would fit these medallions were made only by one company, and that this was controlled by the plaintiff. No reason is suggested why suitable frames could not be made by any frame maker; and the representation, even if false, was inconsequential.
The next representation is that the frames were sold by plaintiff to defendant at cost. ’Since the contract did not fix any prices, it is clear that this statement amounted, at best, only to a promise that the frames were to be sold at cost; and a breach of this promise would give no ground for rescission.
“The agent of the plaintiff further represented that the medallions in question had never been offered to the public in the city of Memphis”
—and alleged the untruth of this statement, and that the defendant relied thereon. This seems to us a statement of a material fact. The success of the plan must largely depend on its novelty, and if, in fact, it was an old story to the Memphis purchasing public, and had been tried and abandoned or tried and worn out, the whole plan would have a very different aspect. If this representation, and material reliance thereon, and its substantial falsity, and prompt repudiation therefor,
It seems unnecessary to refer to authorities. The rules governing the subject are settled and familiar, the difficulty comes in the application to particular facts, and precedents are not likely to control a problem so specific.
Some of the evidence put in the case on the assessment of damages indicates that, after the defendant had broken its contract to buy all its medallions from the plaintiff, and was buying them elsewhere, and after it must have known, if it ever did, that the representation about former use in Memphis was false, it was continuing to take the benefits of part of the contract. The declaration contains, in the last paragraph, a statement which is now said to allege the state of facts just mentioned, and which is, therefore, said to amount to an anticipatory avoidance of the plea of fraud, since, if the defendant was continuing to take benefits under the contract, it could not repudiate the burdens. We think this language of the declaration will not bear this construction ; and the waiver of any fraud there may have been is not otherwise presented, so as to make a question for decision.
For the reasons stated, the judgment must be reversed, with costs, and a new trial awarded.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- BRY BLOCK MERCANTILE CO. v. COLUMBIA PORTRAIT CO.
- Status
- Published