Gooch v. Buford
Opinion of the Court
The amended declaration contained two counts — one to recover damages for personal injuries to plaintiff caused by the negligence of the defendants; the other to recover damages for the same injuries caused by defendants’ breach of contract. The defendants’ answer denied negligence on their part, averred contributory negligence on the part of the plaintiff, and for a third defense pleaded the statute of limitation. Eor answer to the second count, the defendants denied the making of a contract as in the declaration alleged.
Upon the trial of the issues so joined the court instructed the jury to return a verdict for the defendants on the first count of plaintiff’s amended declaration, which was done accordingly. Upon the second count of the declaration the jury disagreed and were discharged. Final disposition of the second count was reserved for further orders of the court. .Later, upon motion of the defendants, the court entered final judgment, dismissing plaintiff’s petition with costs. This judgment was reversed by this court on the 6th day -of March, 1917, for the reason that the issues upon the second count had not been adjudicated when the motion to dismiss was considered and sustained. Gooch v. Presbyterian Home Hospital, 239 Fed. 828,152 C. C. A. 614. The cause was then remanded to the District Court, with directions to award the plaintiff a new trial upon the second count in the amended declaration in accordance with this judgment of reversal.
The cause then came on for trial in the District Court on the second count, and at the close of all the evidence the court peremptorily instructed the jury to return a verdict in favor of the defendants, and final judgment was entered upon this verdict. This proceeding in error is prosecuted to reverse that judgment.
. Upon the second count the question of usual, ordinary, and reasonable care and attention would not be involved, but it would be neces-sarv for the plaintiff to establish by a preponderance of the« evidence that a contract was made with the defendants, as averred in the second count, by the terms of which this patient was to receive special and extraordinary, care, nursing, and watching, which her husband, in view of his knowledge of her mental condition and suicidal tendencies, deemed to be necessary, and which extraordinary service the defendants agreed to furnish, and for which the husband agreed to pay, in addition to the hospital fee for usual and ordinary care and attention.
The fact that upon the trial of the first count in the declaration the plaintiff failed to establish by evidence that defendants were guilty of neglect in failing to provide this patient with ordinary and usual care and attention could not in any way affect or determine the issue as to whether they had given her such special care and attention as required by the terms of this contract, if such contract were in fact made.
The issues presented b}r the second count and the answer thereto, as distinguished from the first count, are: First. Was there a contract made, the terms of which were substantially as averred in the second count of the declaration ? Second. Was there a breach of this contract on the part of the defendants? Third. Did this breach of contract result in injury to the plaintiff? If there was evidence offered by the plaintiff tending to establish these material' averriients, then the cause should have been submitted to the jury upon proper instructions by the court, and it was error to direct a verdict for the defendants.
They also testified that Prof. Gooch told Dr. Buford at that time that he had authorized Alfred Dockery, brother of the plaintiff, to act as his agent; that Mr. Dockery lived in the city, and that whenever Dr. Buford wanted to confer with him in reference to her case he could be reached by telephone. Mr. Dockery also testified that three days
Mrs. Earl Smith, formerly Miss Jennie Roberts, testified that she was assigned by the hospital as special nurse for the plaintiff; that in obedience to the orders given her Mrs. Gooch was never allowed to be out of her sight during the time she was so employed, except when she was relieved by another nurse. She further testified that she was dismissed from this case by Dr. Buford between 8 and 9 o’clock on the morning of the day the plaintiff was injured; that the plaintiff was injured shortly after the lunch hour; that after she was dismissed from this case she went on general duty as a floor nurse; that on the day plaintiff was injured she carried the lunch tray into her room, then went for her own lunch, but that she did not ask' any one to watch her that day, because she was not her patient any longer, but “just walked into her room and set the lunch down and walked out, the same as she would in any other patient’s room.”
Dr. Buford does not deny that as representative of the partnership operating this hospital he entered into a contract with Prof. Gooch, by the terms of which the hospital was to furnish a special nurse to the plaintiff; but he does deny that anything was said about having a nurse constantly in attendance. He further testified that it is the duty of a special nurse to stay with the patient in her charge; “that no other nurse is permitted to go there unless it is for a special accommodation or something, and this special nurse gives her entire time and attention to this patient.” He admits that he discharged this special nurse on the same day the injury occurred to the plaintiff. It further appears, from the evidence of Prof. Gooch, Mr. Dockery, and Dr. Buford, that at the time this contract for a special nurse was made Dr. Buford was employed as physician to treat the plaintiff professionally ; that there was a discussion between Prof. Gooch and Dr. Buford as to whether more than one special nurse would be required to care for the plaintiff in her mental condition; that Dr. Buford had advised that one special nurse would be sufficient; that Prof. Gooch insisted upon seeing the special nurse to be assigned to the case before deciding whether more than one would be necessary. In this connection Dr. Buford was asked by his counsel:
“Was that your professional opinion as the physician in charge, after you had seen and examined and conversed with this lady — as the physician— not as manager of the hospital at all, but as the physician in charge of the patient, acting as the physician, and contrary to your interests as part owner of the hospital, that she should have only one special nurse? ”
Answer: “Only one special nurse; yes. There was no necessity for more.”
Dr. Buford denied that he had any conversation with Mr. Dockery with reference to the discharge of this nurse. There is also a conflict in the evidence as to the terms of the contract, touching the extent and character of the services to be rendered by a special nurse, and also as to the exact time when she ended her connection with this case. This conflict in the evidence cannot affect the constitutional right of plaintiff to have these issues submitted to a jury for its determination.
It is also contended, even if the special nurse did end her connection with this case in the forenoon of that day, that nevertheless the plaintiff was receiving the same care and attention at the time the injury occurred that she would have received, had the special nurse continued in charge, and that, in any event, the same result would have followed.
Whether Dr. Buford, as the physician of Mrs. Gooch, might have rescinded or revoked this contract without the knowledge of consent of Prof. Gooch, were he in no wise connected with the hospital and acting solely and on behalf of his patient, is a question that does not arise in this case; neither is it a question of the good faith of Dr. Buford, but rather a question of his legal right and authority to act as the representative of both contracting parties. His employment as her physician could not and did not change his legal relation to the principal he represented in making this contract, to wit, the partner
The judgment of the District Court is reversed, and the cause remanded for new trial and further proceedings according to law.
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