Workman v. Bell
Workman v. Bell
Opinion
5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH
(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21 )(' $SS 3 WK &LU )LOH 1DPH DS
81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
; 3+,/,3 5 :25.0$1 3HWLWLRQHU$SSHOODQW 1RV Y ! 5,&.< %(//:DUGHQ 5HVSRQGHQW$SSHOOHH ,QUH 3+,/,3 5 :25.0$1 0RYDQW 1
'HFLGHGDQG)LOHG 0DUFK %HIRUH5<$16,/(5DQG&2/(&LUFXLWsXGJHV BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 23,1,21 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 6,/(5&LUFXLWsXGJH7KLVPDWWHUFRPHVEHIRUHWKHFRXUW RQDPRWLRQWRUHRSHQDQGWRDSSRLQWDVSHFLDOPDVWHUPDGH E\SHWLWLRQHU3KLOLS5:RUNPDQSXUVXDQWWRWKH$OO:ULWV $FW86&)HG5&LY3 F DQG E DQG WKH FRXUWjV LQKHUHQW SRZHU WR SURWHFW WKH LQWHJULW\ RI WKH
:RUNPDQY%HOO 1RV
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sDQXDU\7KHJRYHUQRURI 7HQQHVVHHKDVQRW\HWGHFLGHGKLVUHTXHVWIRUFOHPHQF\VRIDU DVWKLVFRXUWLVDZDUH:RUNPDQVHL]HGXSRQODQJXDJHLQDQ RUGHUWKDWWKLVFRXUWHQWHUHGLQ GHQ\LQJWKHILUVWSHWLWLRQ IRUUHKHDULQJHQEDQFZKHQZHVWDWHG 1RV :RUNPDQY%HOO
m7KHWUDGLWLRQDOUHPHG\IRUFODLPVRILQQRFHQFHEDVHGRQ QHZHYLGHQFHGLVFRYHUHGWRRODWHLQWKHGD\WRILOHDQHZ WULDOPRWLRQKDVEHHQH[HFXWLYHFOHPHQF\l+HUUHUDY &ROOLQV86 8QGHU7HQQHVVHHODZWKHJRYHUQRUPD\JUDQWFOHPHQF\VHH 7HQQ &RGH $QQ VR :RUNPDQ PD\ SURGXFH HYLGHQFHWRWKHJRYHUQRUWKDWWKHIDWDOVKRWPXVWKDYHFRPH IURPVRPHRQHHOVHjVJXQ ,Q VXSSRUW RI KLV FODLP RI IUDXG :RUNPDQ PDNHV WKH IROORZLQJDOOHJDWLRQV WKH7HQQHVVHH$WWRUQH\*HQHUDO DQGRWKHUVIURPKLVRIILFHSHUVRQVDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKH7%33 UHSUHVHQWDWLYHV RI WKH 6KHOE\ &RXQW\ 'LVWULFW $WWRUQH\jV 2IILFH DQG WKH JRYHUQRUjV VWDII KHOG PHHWLQJV DERXW WKH FOHPHQF\ SURFHHGLQJV WKDW ZHUH GHVLJQHG WR VHFXUH KLV H[HFXWLRQ WKH 7%33 ZDV KRVWLOH WR WKH ZLWQHVVHV :RUNPDQSUHVHQWHGGXULQJWKHFOHPHQF\SURFHHGLQJV WKH 6WDWH SUHVHQWHG IDEULFDWHG H[SHUW WHVWLPRQ\ GXULQJ WKH FOHPHQF\SURFHHGLQJV DQG DUHWLUHGSROLFHRIILFHU&O\GH .HHQDQIDOVHO\WHVWLILHGGXULQJWKHFOHPHQF\SURFHHGLQJV ,QRXUHTXDOO\GLYLGHGRSLQLRQGHQ\LQJIXUWKHUUHOLHIIRUWKH SHWLWLRQHULQ:RUNPDQ)GDOORIWKHMXGJHVDJUHHG WKDWWKHFRXUWFDQUHFRQVLGHUWKHSHWLWLRQLIWKHUHZDVDIUDXG XSRQWKHFRXUWDVH[SODLQHGLQ'HPMDQMXNY3HWURYVN\ )G WK&LU 7KHHOHPHQWVRIIUDXGVHWRXWLQ 'HPMDQMXNDUHFRQGXFW 2QWKHSDUWRIDQRIILFHURIWKHFRXUW 7KDWLVGLUHFWHGWRWKHmMXGLFLDOPDFKLQHU\lLWVHOI 7KDW LV LQWHQWLRQDOO\ IDOVH ZLOIXOO\ EOLQG WR WKH WUXWKRULVLQUHFNOHVVGLVUHJDUGIRUWKHWUXWK 7KDW LV D SRVLWLYH DYHUPHQW RU LV FRQFHDOPHQW ZKHQRQHLVXQGHUDGXW\WRGLVFORVH 7KDWGHFHLYHVWKHFRXUW ,GDW $OWKRXJKWKH6WDWHDVVHUWHGWKDWDFOHPHQF\SURFHHGLQJZDV DYDLODEOHLQZKLFK:RUNPDQFRXOGSUHVHQWHYLGHQFHLWGLG :RUNPDQY%HOO 1RV 1RV :RUNPDQY%HOO
QRW PDNHDVWDWHPHQWFRQFHUQLQJWKHFOHPHQF\SURFHHGLQJ E\VD\LQJWKDWLWZDVHUURQHRXVRUIDOVH7KXVKHDWWDFNVWKH WKDWZDVLQWHQWLRQDOO\IDOVHZLOIXOO\EOLQGWRWKHWUXWKRULQ SURFHHGLQJVj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mXSRQ WKH UHTXHVW RI WKH JRYHUQRU PHULWOHVV QRQELQGLQJ UHFRPPHQGDWLRQV FRQFHUQLQJ DOO UHTXHVWV IRU SDUGRQVUHSULHYHVRUFRPPXWDWLRQVl7HQQ&RGH$QQ 027,216'(1,(' D :H GR QRW VLW DV VXSHU DSSHDOV FRXUWV RYHU VWDWH FRPPXWDWLRQ SURFHHGLQJV ,Q 2KLR $GXOW 3DUROH $XWK Y :RRGDUG86 SOXUDOLW\RSLQLRQ WKH &RXUWKHOGm:HUHDIILUPRXUKROGLQJLQ'XPVFKDW>86 @WKDWµSDUGRQDQGFRPPXWDWLRQGHFLVLRQVKDYH QRWWUDGLWLRQDOO\EHHQWKHEXVLQHVVRIFRXUWV DVVXFKWKH\DUH UDUHO\ LI HYHU DSSURSULDWH VXEMHFWV IRU MXGLFLDO UHYLHZjl +RZHYHUWKHFRXUWVSOLWRQWKHLVVXHRIZKHWKHUFOHPHQF\ SURFHHGLQJVZHUHVXEMHFWWRWKHFRQVWLWXWLRQDOVDIHJXDUGVRI WKH'XH3URFHVV&ODXVH6HHLGDW sXVWLFH2j&RQQRUjV FRQFXUULQJRSLQLRQFRQFOXGHGWKDWmVRPHPLQLPDOSURFHGXUDO VDIHJXDUGV DSSO\ WR FOHPHQF\ SURFHHGLQJVl UHJDUGOHVV RI ZKHWKHUWKHSRZHUWRJUDQWFOHPHQF\LVVROHO\HQWUXVWHGWRWKH H[HFXWLYH,G 2j&RQQRUsFRQFXUULQJ 6KHLOOXPLQDWHG WKH VWDQGDUG E\ VWDWLQJ msXGLFLDO LQWHUYHQWLRQ PLJKW IRU H[DPSOHEHZDUUDQWHGLQWKHIDFHRIDVFKHPHZKHUHE\DVWDWH RIILFLDO IOLSSHG D FRLQ WR GHWHUPLQH ZKHWKHU WR JUDQW FOHPHQF\RULQDFDVH ZKHUH WKH6WDWHDUELWUDULO\GHQLHGD SULVRQHUDQ\DFFHVVWRLWVFOHPHQF\SURFHVVl,G :RUNPDQ GRHV QRW DOOHJH WKDW KLV 7HQQHVVHH FOHPHQF\ SURFHHGLQJVIDLOHGWRPHHWWKHVWDQGDUGVHWRXWLQ:RRGDUG +HDWWDFNVWKHHYLGHQFHSUHVHQWHGDWKLVFOHPHQF\SURFHHGLQJ
Reference
- Status
- Published