Newman v. Fed Express Corp

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit

Newman v. Fed Express Corp

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21  1HZPDQY)HGHUDO([SUHVV&RUS 1R  3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU

&LUFXLW &LW\ 6WRUHV ,QF   :/    7HQQ &W )LOH 1DPH DS

$SS  2XUFRQFOXVLRQWKDW1HZPDQIDLOHGWRHVWDEOLVK D7LWOH9,,SULPDIDFLHFDVHWKXVJRYHUQVWKHRXWFRPHRIWKHVH LVVXHVDQGZHDFFRUGLQJO\DIILUPWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWjVJUDQWRI 81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 VXPPDU\MXGJPHQWWR)HGHUDO([SUHVVRQWKHVHFODLPV )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 ,9 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

)RU WKH IRUHJRLQJ UHDVRQV ZH '(1< )HGHUDO ([SUHVVjV PRWLRQWRGLVPLVVWKHDSSHDODQG$)),50ERWKWKHGLVWULFW 52%(57 1(:0$1 ; FRXUWjVGHQLDORI1HZPDQjVPRWLRQWRUHRSHQGLVFRYHU\DQG 3ODLQWLII$SSHOODQW  LWVJUDQWRIVXPPDU\MXGJPHQWWR)HGHUDO([SUHVV   1R  Y  !  )('(5$/ (;35(66  &25325$7,21  'HIHQGDQW$SSHOOHH   1 $SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW IRUWKH:HVWHUQ'LVWULFWRI7HQQHVVHHDW0HPSKLV 1R nsRQ3KLSSV0F&DOOD'LVWULFWsXGJH $UJXHG sXQH 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHG 6HSWHPEHU %HIRUH 0$57,1&KLHIsXGJH 1(/621&LUFXLWsXGJH  5,&(&KLHI'LVWULFWsXGJH

7KH +RQRUDEOH :DOWHU + 5LFH &KLHI 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 'LVWULFW sXGJH IRU WKH 6RXWKHUQ 'LVWULFW RI 2KLR VLWWLQJ E\ GHVLJQDWLRQ

  1HZPDQY)HGHUDO([SUHVV&RUS 1R  1R  1HZPDQY)HGHUDO([SUHVV&RUS 

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB OHIW RQ KLV YRLFH PDLO DV mVLOO\l  :LWKRXW HYLGHQFH WKDW 1HZPDQjVZRUNHQYLURQPHQWZDVVXEMHFWLYHO\KRVWLOHKHKDV &2816(/ IDLOHG WR HVWDEOLVK D SULPD IDFLH FDVH RI KRVWLOH ZRUN HQYLURQPHQWEDVHGRQUDFH:HWKHUHIRUHDIILUPWKHGLVWULFW $5*8(' )ORUHQFH0sRKQVRQ0HPSKLV7HQQHVVHHIRU FRXUWjVJUDQWRIVXPPDU\MXGJPHQWWR)HGHUDO([SUHVVRQWKLV $SSHOODQW  'ZD\QH 6 %\UG )('(5$/ (;35(66 FODLP &25325$7,21 0HPSKLV 7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOOHH 21 %5,()   )ORUHQFH 0 sRKQVRQ 0HPSKLV 7HQQHVVHH %'HQLDORISURPRWLRQDQGHTXDOWUHDWPHQW 0DUN$$OOHQ$//(1*2':,10255,6/$85(1=,  %/220),(/' 0HPSKLV 7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOODQW 1HZPDQj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s5&KLHIsXGJH5REHUW1HZPDQ 1HZPDQGRHVQRWDGGUHVVWKLVFODLPLQDQ\GHWDLOLQKLVEULHI DSSHDOV WKH GLVWULFW FRXUWjV JUDQW RI VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQW WR 7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWIRXQGWKDWWKHRQO\SRVVLEOHDGYHUVHDFWLRQ )HGHUDO ([SUHVV RQ KLV FODLP RI UDFHEDVHG HPSOR\PHQW WKDW1HZPDQVXIIHUHGZDVWKHGHQLDORID6WDU$ZDUGGHVSLWH GLVFULPLQDWLRQLQYLRODWLRQRI7LWOH9,,RIWKH&LYLO5LJKWV$FW D UHFRPPHQGDWLRQ E\ KLV VHQLRU PDQDJHU  $V WKH GLVWULFW RI   DQG VWDWH ODZ  1HZPDQ DOVR DSSHDOV WKH GLVWULFW FRXUWREVHUYHG1HZPDQKDVRIIHUHGQRSURRIWKDWDVLPLODUO\ FRXUWjVGHQLDORIKLVPRWLRQWRUHRSHQGLVFRYHU\)HGHUDO VLWXDWHG QRQSURWHFWHG HPSOR\HH ZDV WUHDWHG GLIIHUHQWO\ ([SUHVV VXEVHTXHQWO\ PRYHG WR GLVPLVV WKH DSSHDO RQ WKH $FFRUGLQJO\1HZPDQIDLOHGWRHVWDEOLVKDSULPDIDFLHFDVH JURXQGWKDW1HZPDQjVQRWLFHRIDSSHDOIDLOHGWRVDWLVI\WKH RIUDFHGLVFULPLQDWLRQXQGHU7LWOH9,,DQGVXPPDU\MXGJPHQW MXULVGLFWLRQDO UHTXLUHPHQWV RI )HGHUDO 5XOH RI $SSHOODWH ZDVDSSURSULDWH 3URFHGXUH F  % )RUWKHIROORZLQJUHDVRQVZH'(1< )HGHUDO ([SUHVVjV PRWLRQ WR GLVPLVV WKH DSSHDO  :H DOVR &6HFWLRQ DQGVWDWHODZFODLPV $)),50 WKH GLVWULFW FRXUWjV GLVFRYHU\ DQG VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQWRUGHUV 1HZPDQjV UHPDLQLQJ FODLPV XQGHU 6HFWLRQ   DQG 7HQQHVVHHVWDWHODZPXVWIDLODVZHOO6HFWLRQ SURKLELWV , UDFLDOGLVFULPLQDWLRQLQWKHPDNLQJDQGHQIRUFLQJRISULYDWH FRQWUDFWV6HH86&† 6HFWLRQ FODLPVDUH 1HZPDQDQ$IULFDQ$PHULFDQEHJDQZRUNLQJDW)HGHUDO DQDO\]HG XQGHU WKH 7LWOH 9,, 0F'RQQHOO 'RXJODV%XUGLQH ([SUHVVLQ DQGEHFDPHDPDQDJHURI+XE2SHUDWLRQVLQ IUDPHZRUN6HH3DWWHUVRQY0F/HDQ&UHGLW8QLRQ 86    2Q sDQXDU\    1HZPDQ ILOHG D UDFH    6LPLODUO\7HQQHVVHHFRXUWVKDYHmORRNHGWR GLVFULPLQDWLRQ FKDUJH ZLWK WKH (TXDO (PSOR\PHQW IHGHUDOFDVHODZDSSO\LQJWKHSURYLVLRQVRIWKHIHGHUDODQWL 2SSRUWXQLW\&RPPLVVLRQDOOHJLQJWKDWZKLWHHPSOR\HHVDW GLVFULPLQDWLRQ VWDWXWHV DV WKH EDVHOLQH IRU LQWHUSUHWLQJ DQG )HGHUDO([SUHVVUHFHLYHPRUHDZDUGVDQGEHWWHUDVVLJQPHQWV DSSO\LQJl WKH 7HQQHVVHH +XPDQ 5LJKWV $FW  *UDYHV Y  1HZPDQY)HGHUDO([SUHVV&RUS 1R  1R  1HZPDQY)HGHUDO([SUHVV&RUS 

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sXO\1HZPDQILOHGDVXLWRQEHKDOI WKHFLUFXPVWDQFHV6HH)DUDJKHUY&LW\RI%RFD5DWRQ RIKLPVHOIDQGRWKHU$IULFDQ$PHULFDQHPSOR\HHVDW)HGHUDO 86    FLWLQJ+DUULVY)RUNOLIW6\V,QF ([SUHVVDOOHJLQJYLRODWLRQVRI7LWOH9,,RIWKH&LYLO5LJKWV  86       6SHFLILFDOO\ ZH FRQVLGHU mWKH $FWRI 86&† DQGWKH7HQQHVVHH+XPDQ IUHTXHQF\RIWKHGLVFULPLQDWRU\FRQGXFW LWVVHYHULW\ ZKHWKHU 5LJKWV$FW 7(11 &2'( $11†HWVHT LWLVSK\VLFDOO\WKUHDWHQLQJRUKXPLOLDWLQJRUDPHUHRIIHQVLYH XWWHUDQFH  DQG ZKHWKHU LW XQUHDVRQDEO\ LQWHUIHUHV ZLWK DQ 7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWGHQLHGFODVVFHUWLILFDWLRQRQsDQXDU\ HPSOR\HHjVZRUNSHUIRUPDQFHl+DUULV86DW7KH  DQGVHYHUHGWKHFDVHV2QsXQH)HGHUDO([SUHVVILOHG 6XSUHPH &RXUW KDV FRQVLVWHQWO\ KHOG WKDW mVLPSOH WHDVLQJ D PRWLRQ IRU VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQW DV WR DOO RI 1HZPDQjV RIIKDQGFRPPHQWVDQGLVRODWHGLQFLGHQWV XQOHVVH[WUHPHO\ FODLPV2QsXQH1HZPDQPRYHGWRUHRSHQGLVFRYHU\ VHULRXV  ZLOO QRW DPRXQW WR GLVFULPLQDWRU\ FKDQJHV LQ WKH 2QsXO\WKHGLVWULFWFRXUWGHQLHG1HZPDQjVPRWLRQILQGLQJ WHUPVDQGFRQGLWLRQVRIHPSOR\PHQWl)DUDJKHU86DW WKDW 1HZPDQ KDG QRW VKRZQ JRRG FDXVH IRU KLV IDLOXUH WR  LQWHUQDO TXRWDWLRQV RPLWWHG   )LQDOO\ WKH ZRUN REWDLQGLVFRYHU\WKURXJKWKHH[HUFLVHRIGXHGLOLJHQFH2Q HQYLURQPHQW PXVW EH ERWK REMHFWLYHO\ DQG VXEMHFWLYHO\ $XJXVW WKHGLVWULFWFRXUWJUDQWHG)HGHUDO([SUHVVjVPRWLRQ RIIHQVLYH6HH+DUULV86DW IRUVXPPDU\MXGJPHQWDVWRDOORI1HZPDQj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jVGHQLDORIKLVPRWLRQWRUHRSHQ UHYLHZRIWKH$XJXVW VXPPDU\MXGJPHQWRUGHU)HGHUDO GLVFRYHU\:HQHHGQRWDGGUHVVWKLVDUJXPHQWEHFDXVHZH ([SUHVV GLG QRW REMHFW DQG RQ 6HSWHPEHU  WKH FRXUW ILQG WKDW 1HZPDQ KDV IDLOHG WR VKRZ WKDW WKH DQRQ\PRXV GLVPLVVHG ZLWKRXW SUHMXGLFH 1HZPDQjV UHWDOLDWLRQ FODLP FRPPXQLFDWLRQVZHUHVXEMHFWLYHO\KRVWLOH6HH+DUULV 1HZPDQ DSSHDOHG RQ 2FWREHU  DQG )HGHUDO ([SUHVV 86DW m>,@IWKHYLFWLPGRHVQRWVXEMHFWLYHO\SHUFHLYH VXEVHTXHQWO\PRYHGWRGLVPLVVWKHDSSHDORQWKHJURXQGWKDW WKHHQYLURQPHQWWREHDEXVLYHWKHFRQGXFWKDVQRWDFWXDOO\ ZHODFNHGMXULVGLFWLRQ DOWHUHGWKHFRQGLWLRQVRIWKHYLFWLPjVHPSOR\PHQWDQGWKHUH LV QR 7LWOH 9,, YLRODWLRQl   ,Q KLV GHSRVLWLRQ 1HZPDQ ,, DGPLWWHGWKDWKHGLGQRWFRQVLGHUWKHUDFLDOO\FKDUJHGOHWWHUD mELJGHDOlDQGZDVQRWVXUSULVHGVKRFNHGRUGLVWXUEHGE\LW :HPXVWILUVWEULHIO\DGGUHVV)HGHUDO([SUHVVjVPRWLRQWR :KHQ DVNHG LI KH ZDV JRLQJ WR ORVH VOHHS RYHU WKH OHWWHU GLVPLVV1HZPDQjVDSSHDOIRUODFNRIMXULVGLFWLRQ1HZPDQjV 1HZPDQUHSOLHGm2KQRl1HZPDQUHIHUUHGWRWKHPHVVDJH QRWLFH RI DSSHDO VWDWHV WKDW KH mDSSHDOV WKH 'LVWULFW &RXUW  1HZPDQY)HGHUDO([SUHVV&RUS 1R  1R  1HZPDQY)HGHUDO([SUHVV&RUS 

RUGHUGLVPLVVLQJWKHFDVHGDWHG6HSWHPEHU l)HGHUDO WRYROXQWDULO\GLVPLVVKLVUHWDOLDWLRQFODLPLQRUGHUWRDSSHDO ([SUHVVDUJXHVWKDWEHFDXVH1HZPDQjVQRWLFHRIDSSHDORQO\ WKHPDLQGLVFULPLQDWLRQFODLP:HWKHUHIRUHKDYHMXULVGLFWLRQ GHVLJQDWHVDSSHDOIURPWKH6HSWHPEHURUGHUGLVPLVVLQJKLV WRKHDUWKHDSSHDODQGSURFHHGWRWKHPHULWV UHWDOLDWLRQFODLPDQGIDLOVWRGHVLJQDWHWKH$XJXVW SDUWLDO VXPPDU\MXGJPHQWRUGHUDVWKHUXOLQJIURPZKLFKDSSHDOZDV ,,, WDNHQZHODFNMXULVGLFWLRQWRDGGUHVVWKHPHULWVRIWKHDSSHDO :HUHYLHZDGLVWULFWFRXUWjVJUDQWRIVXPPDU\MXGJPHQWGH 8QGHU)HGHUDO5XOHRI$SSHOODWH3URFHGXUH F  % D QRYR6HH*ULEFKHFNY5XQ\RQ)G WK&LU QRWLFHRIDSSHDOPXVWmGHVLJQDWHWKHMXGJPHQWRUGHURUSDUW  6XPPDU\MXGJPHQWLVJUDQWHGLIWKHUHLVQRJHQXLQH WKHUHRIEHLQJDSSHDOHGl:HKDYHKHOGWKDWZKLOHWKLVUXOHLV LVVXH RI PDWHULDO IDFW DQG WKH PRYLQJ SDUW\ LV HQWLWOHG WR MXULVGLFWLRQDOPHUHHUURUVLQIRUPZLOOQRWDOZD\VSUHFOXGH MXGJPHQW DV D PDWWHU RI ODZ  6HH )(' 5 &,9 3  F  MXULVGLFWLRQ6HH'LOORQY8QLWHG6WDWHV)G ,QIHUHQFHVGUDZQIURPWKHXQGHUO\LQJIDFWVmPXVWEHYLHZHG WK&LU  HQEDQF  KROGLQJWKDWIDLOXUHWRQDPHWKH LQWKHOLJKWPRVWIDYRUDEOHWRWKHSDUW\RSSRVLQJWKHPRWLRQl FRXUW WR ZKLFK WKH DSSHDO ZDV WDNHQ DV UHTXLUHG E\ 5XOH IRUVXPPDU\MXGJPHQW6HH*ULEFKHFN)GDW  F  & ZDVQRWIDWDO $GGLWLRQDOO\DQmDSSHDOIURPD ILQDOMXGJPHQWGUDZVLQWRTXHVWLRQDOOSULRUQRQILQDOUXOLQJV 1HZPDQjVVXLWDOOHJHVWKDW)HGHUDO([SUHVV  FUHDWHGDQG DQGRUGHUVl&UDZIRUGY5RDQH)G WK&LU IRVWHUHGDUDFLDOO\KRVWLOHZRUNHQYLURQPHQWLQYLRODWLRQRI    FLWDWLRQRPLWWHG ,IKRZHYHUDQDSSHOODQWmFKRRVHV 7LWOH 9,,     GHQLHG KLP RSSRUWXQLWLHV IRU SURPRWLRQ DQG WRGHVLJQDWHVSHFLILFGHWHUPLQDWLRQVLQLWVQRWLFHRIDSSHDO HTXDOWUHDWPHQWLQDZDUGLQJEHQHILWVLQYLRODWLRQRI7LWOH9,, RQO\WKRVHGHWHUPLQDWLRQVPD\EHUDLVHGRQDSSHDOl,G  GHQLHGKLPWKHULJKWWRFRQWUDFWLQYLRODWLRQRI86& †  DQG GLVFULPLQDWHGDJDLQVWKLPLQYLRODWLRQRIWKH 7KHSDUWLHVDJUHHWKDWWKH6HSWHPEHURUGHUGLVPLVVLQJ 7HQQHVVHH+XPDQ5LJKWV$FW7(11 &2'( $11† 1HZPDQj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jWRI&PW\$IIDLUVY%XUGLQH86 DSSHDODEOHRQO\E\YLUWXHRIWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWjVGLVSRVLWLRQRI       7KH EXUGHQ WKHQ VKLIWV WR WKH HPSOR\HU mWR WKHUHPDLQLQJUHWDOLDWLRQFODLPRQ6HSWHPEHU DUWLFXODWHVRPHOHJLWLPDWHQRQGLVFULPLQDWRU\UHDVRQl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mLQWRTXHVWLRQDOOSULRUQRQ $+RVWLOHZRUNHQYLURQPHQW ILQDO UXOLQJV DQG RUGHUVl LQFOXGLQJ WKH $XJXVW  SDUWLDO VXPPDU\MXGJPHQWRUGHU:HQRWHWKDWWKHUHFRUGIURPWKH 7LWOH9,,SURKLELWVUDFLDOKDUDVVPHQWWKDWFUHDWHVDKRVWLOH 6HSWHPEHUFRQIHUHQFHLVFOHDUWKDW1HZPDQZDVVHHNLQJ RUDEXVLYHZRUNHQYLURQPHQW6HH+DIIRUGY6HLGQHU )G WK&LU ,QRUGHUWRHVWDEOLVKDSULPD

Reference

Status
Published