Beltran v. INS
Beltran v. INS
Opinion
5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH %HOWUDQY,16 1R (/(&7521,& &,7$7,21 )(' $SS 3 WK &LU )LOH 1DPH DS BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 23,1,21 81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 68+5+(,15,&+ &LUFXLW sXGJH $SSHOODQW (OLVHR BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB &D\DE\DE%HOWUDQDUHVLGHQWDOLHQQDWLYHRIWKH3KLOLSSLQHV DSSHDOVIURPWKH)HEUXDU\GHFLVLRQRIWKH%RDUGRI ,PPLJUDWLRQ$SSHDOV %,$ DIILUPLQJWKH$XJXVW (/,6(2 &$<$%<$% %(/75$1 ; GHFLVLRQ RI WKH ,PPLJUDWLRQ &RXUW ,& GHQ\LQJ %HOWUDQjV 3HWLWLRQHU PRWLRQ WR UHRSHQ KLV FDVH IROORZLQJ WKH ,&jV RUGHU RI GHSRUWDWLRQDJDLQVW%HOWUDQHQWHUHGLQDEVHQWLDZKHQ%HOWUDQ 1R IDLOHGWRDSSHDUDWDsDQXDU\ GHSRUWDWLRQKHDULQJ Y ! %HOWUDQFODLPVWKDWWKH,&DEXVHGLWVGLVFUHWLRQLQQRWUH RSHQLQJ KLV FDVH DQG JUDQWLQJ KLV PRWLRQ XQGHU 81,7(' 67$7(6 ,00,*5$7,21 1$785$/,=$7,21 6(59,&( D E $ DQG & EHFDXVHWKH,16GLGQRWHVWDEOLVK mE\FOHDUXQHTXLYRFDODQGFRQYLQFLQJHYLGHQFHlWKDWZULWWHQ 5HVSRQGHQW QRWLFHRIKLVGHSRUWDWLRQKHDULQJZDVVHQWWRWKHODVWDGGUHVV SURYLGHGE\%HOWUDQ86& D E $ 6SHFLILFDOO\ 1 %HOWUDQ FODLPV WKDW KH GLG QRW UHFHLYH QRWLFH RI WKH 2Q3HWLWLRQIRU5HYLHZRIDQ2UGHURIWKH GHSRUWDWLRQ KHDULQJ EHFDXVH WKH %,$ FRQWLQXHG WR VHQG DOO %RDUGRI,PPLJUDWLRQ$SSHDOV FRUUHVSRQGHQFHWR%HOWUDQjVRXWGDWHGDGGUHVVLQVSLWHRIWKH 1R$ IDFWWKDW%HOWUDQKDGQRWLILHGLWLQZULWLQJRIKLVQHZDGGUHVV 6XEPLWWHG 0DUFK :HUHYHUVHWKHGHFLVLRQRIWKH%,$DQGUHPDQGWKLVFDXVH WRWKH,&ZLWKLQVWUXFWLRQVWRJUDQW%HOWUDQjVPRWLRQWRUH 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHG sXQH RSHQ KLV FDVH :H ILQG WKDW %HOWUDQ KDG PHW WKH VWDWXWRU\ UHTXLUHPHQWVRI86& D ) DQGQRWLILHGWKH %HIRUH %2**668+5+(,15,&+DQG6,/(5&LUFXLW ,16LQZULWLQJRIDFKDQJHLQKLVDGGUHVV sXGJHV ,)DFWV BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB %HOWUDQZDVERUQLQWKH3KLOLSSLQHVLQ DQGOHJDOO\ &2816(/ HQWHUHGWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVRQ1RYHPEHU DWWKHDJH RIIRXUWHHQ2Q$XJXVW %HOWUDQZDVFRQYLFWHGRI 21 %5,() 3DXO ' 5HLQJROG 0,&+,*$1 &/,1,&$/ ODUFHQ\ LQ $QQ $UERU 0LFKLJDQ LQ YLRODWLRQ RI 0LFK /$: 352*5$0 $QQ $UERU 0LFKLJDQ IRU 3HWLWLRQHU &RPSLOHG/DZV$QQRW+HZDVVHQWHQFHGWRRQH 'DQLHO(*ROGPDQ(PLO\$5DGIRUG81,7('67$7(6 \HDULQSULVRQ2Q'HFHPEHU %HOWUDQZDVFRQYLFWHG '(3$570(17 2) s867,&( :DVKLQJWRQ '& IRU RI ILUVW GHJUHH UHWDLO IUDXG DJDLQ LQ $QQ $UERU 0LFKLJDQ 5HVSRQGHQW
1R %HOWUDQY,16 %HOWUDQY,16 1R
XQGHU 0LFK &RPSLOHG /DZV $QQRW F +H ZDV QRWLFHRIWKH%,$jVIDYRUDEOH GHFLVLRQDVZHOODVWKH VHQWHQFHGWRDILQHDQGWKUHH\HDUVjSUREDWLRQ QRWLFH RI KHDULQJ RQ UHPDQG ZHUH VHQW WR WKH RXWGDWHG (FRUVH5RDGDGGUHVV 2Q sXO\ WKH 'HSDUWPHQW RI sXVWLFH LVVXHG DQ m2UGHUWR6KRZ&DXVHDQG1RWLFHRI+HDULQJlWR%HOWUDQDQG 2QsDQXDU\ %HOWUDQjVUHPDQGKHDULQJZDVKHOG VXEVHTXHQWO\ VFKHGXOHG D GHSRUWDWLRQ KHDULQJ VHHNLQJ WR EXW %HOWUDQ ZDV QRW SUHVHQW 7KH ,& HQWHUHG DQ RUGHU IRU UHPRYH%HOWUDQXQGHU D $ LL RIWKHYHUVLRQRIWKH GHSRUWDWLRQ LQ DEVHQWLD SXUVXDQW WR 86& ,PPLJUDWLRQ DQG 1DWXUDOL]DWLRQ $FW ,1$ LQ SODFH DW WKDW D E $ 7KDW VHFWLRQ SURYLGHV WKDW m>D@Q\ DOLHQ WLPH 86& D $ LL 7KDW VHFWLRQ ZKRDIWHUZULWWHQQRWLFHGRHVQRWDWWHQGDSURFHHGLQJ SURYLGHGIRUWKHDXWRPDWLFGHSRUWDWLRQRIDQDOLHQZKRKDG XQGHUWKLVVHFWLRQVKDOOEHRUGHUHGUHPRYHGLQDEVHQWLDLIWKH EHHQmFRQYLFWHGRIWZRFULPHVLQYROYLQJPRUDOWXUSLWXGHQRW 6HUYLFH HVWDEOLVKHV E\ FOHDU XQHTXLYRFDO DQG FRQYLQFLQJ DULVLQJRXWRIDVLQJOHVFKHPHRIFULPLQDOPLVFRQGXFWl HYLGHQFHWKDWWKHZULWWHQQRWLFHZDVVRSURYLGHGl %HOWUDQUHFHLYHGWKHQRWLFHDQGVRXJKWWRREWDLQDZDLYHURI 2Q)HEUXDU\%HOWUDQZDVGHWDLQHGE\WKH,16 GHSRUWDELOLW\XQGHU F RIWKH,1$86& F DQGKHOGIRUGHSRUWDWLRQ%HOWUDQILOHGDPRWLRQWRUHRSHQKLV 7KDWVHFWLRQSURYLGHGWKHDELOLW\IRUDQDOLHQZKRLV FDVHRQ0DUFK%HOWUDQDUJXHGWRWKH,&WKDWKHKDG RWKHUZLVH GHSRUWDEOH WR UHTXHVW D ZDLYHU DOORZLQJ KLP WR QHYHUUHFHLYHGHLWKHUWKH%,$jVIDYRUDEOHGHFLVLRQWKH,&jV UHPDLQ LQ WKH FRXQWU\ UHJDUGOHVV RI KLV FRQYLFWLRQV 7KH QRWLFHRIKHDULQJRQUHPDQGRUWKH,&jVRUGHULQDEVHQWLD SRZHU WR JUDQW WKLV ZDLYHU LV DW WKH VROH DQG XQIHWWHUHG 0RUHRYHUKHFODLPHGWKDWWKH)HEUXDU\ OHWWHUIURP GLVFUHWLRQRIWKH,& WKH:&1/6VDWLVILHGKLVVWDWXWRU\GXW\WRQRWLI\WKH,16RI KLV ZKHUHDERXWV +H WKHUHIRUH DUJXHG WKDW VHUYLFH RI WKH 7KH ,& GHQLHG WKH F UHTXHVW DQG RUGHUHG %HOWUDQ QRWLFHRIKHDULQJRQUHPDQGZDVQRWSURSHUXQGHU86& GHSRUWHGRQ)HEUXDU\ %HOWUDQDSSHDOHGWRWKH%,$ F ZKLFKSURYLGHVWKDWDQRWLFHWRDSSHDULIVHUYHGE\ ZKLFK RQ 2FWREHU UHYHUVHG DQG UHPDQGHG WKH PDLOLVVXIILFLHQWLIPDLOHGmWRWKHODVWDGGUHVVSURYLGHGE\ GHFLVLRQWRWKH,&EHFDXVHWKH%,$IRXQGWKDWWKH,&GLGQRW WKHDOLHQ>LQZULWLQJ@l HPSKDVLVDGGHG DGHTXDWHO\H[SODLQWR%HOWUDQKLVULJKWWRFRXQVHO 7KH,&GHQLHGKLVPRWLRQDFNQRZOHGJLQJWKH,16jVUHFHLSW $IWHUWKH,&jVRULJLQDO)HEUXDU\ GHFLVLRQ%HOWUDQ RIWKH:&1/6jV OHWWHUEXWQRWLQJWKDWWKHSHUVRQZKR DSSDUHQWO\PRYHGDQGHVWDEOLVKHGUHVLGHQFHRQ(FRUVH5RDG VLJQHGWKHOHWWHUZDVQRWDQDWWRUQH\EXWDODZVFKRROJUDGXDWH LQ<SVLODQWL0LFKLJDQ7RUHSRUWWKLV%HOWUDQILOHGDQ(2,5 ZKRKDGQRWSDVVHGDEDUH[DPLQDWLRQ7KH,&VWDWHGWKDW FKDQJHRIDGGUHVVIRUPRQ$XJXVW LQIRUPLQJWKH m>W@KHUHLVQRWKLQJLQWKLVUHFRUGWKDWVKRZVWKDWHLWKHUDWWKH ,16RIKLVQHZDGGUHVV+HDJDLQILOHGDQ(2,5IRUPRQ WLPHRULQWKHSUHVHQWWKDW %HOWUDQ DXWKRUL]HGWKLVLQGLYLGXDO 6HSWHPEHU GXSOLFDWLQJ WKH $XJXVW ILOLQJ DQG WRDFWRQKLVEHKDOIl7KH:&1/6UHSUHVHQWDWLYHKDGQRW DJDLQ SURYLGLQJ (FRUVH 5RDG DV KLV FXUUHQW DGGUHVV ILOHG DQDSSHDUDQFHEHIRUHWKH,&RUWKH%,$DQGWKH,16 +RZHYHUVRPHWLPHDIWHU6HSWHPEHU %HOWUDQPRYHG WKHUHIRUHFODLPHGWRKDYHQRLGHDZKRKHZDV7KXVWKH,& IURPKLVUHVLGHQFHRQ(FRUVH5RDGWRKLVVLVWHUjVKRPHRQ &DUSHQWHU 5RDGDOVRLQ<SVLODQWL2Q)HEUXDU\ %HOWUDQKDGDSHUVRQDOUHSUHVHQWDWLYHIURPWKH:D\QH&RXQW\ 1HLJKERUKRRG/HJDO6HUYLFHV m:&1/6l VHQGDOHWWHUWRWKH $V GLVFXVVHG EHORZ LW LV XQFOHDU KRZ WKH ,16 FRXOG KDYH NQRZQ
,16LQIRUPLQJLWRI%HOWUDQjVQHZDGGUHVV%HOWUDQGLGQRW WKDW %HOWUDQjV :&1/6 UHSUHVHQWDWLYH ZDV QRW D ODZ\HU +H VHQW WKH OHWWHU RQ :&1/6 OHWWHUKHDG DQG VLJQHG KLV QDPH ZLWK WKH OHWWHUV s' DIWHU SURYLGH WKLV FKDQJH RI DGGUHVV RQ DQ (2,5 IRUP DQG LW 1R %HOWUDQY,16 %HOWUDQY,16 1R
GLVPLVVHG WKH :&1/6 OHWWHU DV QRQFRPSOLDQW ZLWK WKH VHFWLRQ D $ LL RIVXFK$FW DVLQHIIHFWRQVXFK SURYLVLRQVRI D ) LL ZKLFKUHTXLUHVWKHDOLHQWR GDWH IRU ZKLFK ERWK SUHGLFDWH RIIHQVHV DUH ZLWKRXW LPPHGLDWHO\SURYLGHDZULWWHQQRWLILFDWLRQRIDQ\FKDQJHRI UHJDUGWRWKHLUGDWHRIFRPPLVVLRQRWKHUZLVHFRYHUHGE\ DGGUHVV VHFWLRQ D $ L RIVXFK$FW DVVRLQHIIHFW 7KH %,$ GHQLHG %HOWUDQjV GLUHFW DSSHDO RQ )HEUXDU\ $V GLVFXVVHG DERYH D $ LL DV LW H[LVWHG DW WKH %HOWUDQILOHGDSHWLWLRQIRUUHYLHZZLWKWKLV&RXUWRQ WLPHRIWKH,,5,5$jVHQDFWPHQWLQ UHQGHUHGDQDOLHQ )HEUXDU\+HQFHKLVDSSHDOLVWLPHO\EHIRUHWKLV GHSRUWDEOHLIKHKDGEHHQFRQYLFWHGRIWZRFULPHVRIPRUDO &RXUWXQGHU)HG5$SS3 D % :HJUDQWHG%HOWUDQ WXUSLWXGH ZKLFK ZHUH QRW SDUW RI D FRPPRQ VFKHPH DVWD\RIGHSRUWDWLRQSHQGLQJWKLVDSSHDORQ0DUFK $FFRUGLQJO\ F * GHQLHVDQDSSHDOWRDQDOLHQLIKLV WZR FULPHV RI PRUDO WXUSLWXGH ZHUH RWKHUZLVH FRYHUHG E\ ,,6WDQGDUGRI5HYLHZsXULVGLFWLRQ D $ L DVLWH[LVWHGLQ ZKLFKUHIHUHQFHGD FULPH RI PRUDO WXUSLWXGH IRU ZKLFK WKH DOLHQ mHLWKHU LV :HUHYLHZWKH%,$jVGHFLVLRQRQDPRWLRQWRUHRSHQIRUDQ VHQWHQFHGWRFRQILQHPHQWRULVFRQILQHGWKHUHIRULQDSULVRQ DEXVHRIGLVFUHWLRQ6HH,16Y'RKHUW\86 RU FRUUHFWLRQDO LQVWLWXWLRQ IRU RQH \HDU RU ORQJHU l $VKNLY,16)G WK&LU 86& D $ LL VHHDOVR3XOLFH)G DW sXULVGLFWLRQ LQ WKLV FDVH LV JRYHUQHG E\ WKH ,1$ WKH $QWLWHUURULVP DQG (IIHFWLYH 'HDWK 3HQDOW\ $FW RI 7KH UHWDLOIUDXGFRQYLFWLRQLPSRVHGQRMDLOWLPHDWDOO $('3$ DQGWKH,OOHJDO,PPLJUDWLRQ5HIRUPDQG,PPLJUDQW RQ%HOWUDQ$FFRUGLQJO\EHFDXVHDWOHDVWRQHRI%HOWUDQj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jV FRGLILFDWLRQ ZLWKLQ WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV &RGH $V DPHQGHG WKH UHOHYDQW VHFWLRQ LV QR 7KH,,5,5$UHSHDOHGDHQWLUHO\DQGLPSOHPHQWHG ORQJHU FRGLILHG DW 86& D $ EXW DW 86&
WUDQVLWLRQDOUXOHV6HFWLRQ F * RIWKH,,5,5$DSSOLHV D $
WRDQDOLHQOLNH%HOWUDQZKRVHGHSRUWDWLRQSURFHHGLQJVEHJDQ SULRUWRHQDFWPHQWRIWKH,,5,5$LQ EXWZKRUHFHLYHG 6HFWLRQ RI WKH $('3$ KDG DPHQGHG WKH RULJLQDO D $ L RI WKH ,1$ WR UHIHU WR DOLHQV ZKR KDG EHHQ FRQYLFWHG RI KLVRUGHURIGHSRUWDWLRQPRUHWKDQWKLUW\GD\VDIWHUHQDFWPHQW D FULPH RI PRUDO WXUSLWXGH mIRU ZKLFK D VHQWHQFH RI RQH \HDU RU ORQJHU 6HFWLRQ F * UHSODFHGD\HWVLPLODUO\SURYLGHV PD\ EH LPSRVHGl 86& D $ L ,, HPSKDVLV DGGHG WKDW +RZHYHU E RI WKH $('3$ VWDWHV WKDW WKLV DPHQGPHQW VKDOO mDSSO\ WR DOLHQV DJDLQVW ZKRP GHSRUWDWLRQ SURFHHGLQJV DUH LQLWLDWHG DIWHU WKH GDWH >7@KHUHVKDOOEHQRDSSHDOSHUPLWWHGLQWKHFDVHRI DQ RI WKH HQDFWPHQW RI WKLV $FW 6HSWHPEHU l $('3$ E
DOLHQ ZKR LV LQDGPLVVLEOH RU GHSRUWDEOH E\ UHDVRQ RI %HFDXVH %HOWUDQjV GHSRUWDWLRQ SURFHHGLQJV EHJDQ LQ ZH GLVUHJDUG DQG LQVWHDG UHO\ RQ WKH XQDPHQGHG YHUVLRQ RI D $ L KDYLQJ FRPPLWWHG D FULPLQDO RIIHQVH FRYHUHG LQ ZKLFK UHTXLUHV DFWXDO VHQWHQFLQJ RU FRQILQHPHQW RI D \HDU RU PRUH 1R %HOWUDQY,16 %HOWUDQY,16 1R
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m0U %HOWUDQjV FRUUHFW DGGUHVV LV mH[FHSWLRQDOFLUFXPVWDQFHVl86& D E & L WKH&DUSHQWHU5RDGDGGUHVV l0RUHRYHUWKHDGGUHVVZDVVHW RIIIURPWKHUHVWRIWKHWH[WDQGWKHZRUGVmFRUUHFWDGGUHVVl :KHQDQDOLHQIDLOVWRDSSHDUIRUKLVGHSRUWDWLRQKHDULQJ ZHUHLQEROGW\SH WKH,&PD\HQWHUDQRUGHURIGHSRUWDWLRQLQDEVHQWLDSXUVXDQW WR D E $ EXWRQO\LIWKH,16HVWDEOLVKHVmE\FOHDU 7KH,16DUJXHVWKDWWKH OHWWHULVQRWVXIILFLHQWQRWLFH XQHTXLYRFDODQGFRQYLQFLQJHYLGHQFHlWKDWZULWWHQQRWLFHRI XQGHU WKH IHGHUDO UHJXODWLRQV 7KH SHUWLQHQW UHJXODWLRQ WKH KHDULQJ ZDV SURYLGHG WR WKH DOLHQ LQ DFFRUGDQFH ZLWK &)5 G SURYLGHVWKDWm>Z@LWKLQILYHGD\VRIDQ\ D 8QGHU D WKH ,16 PD\ SURYLGH FKDQJHRIDGGUHVVWKHDOLHQPXVWSURYLGHZULWWHQQRWLFHRIWKH VHUYLFHRIQRWLFHHLWKHUWRWKHDOLHQLQSHUVRQRUWKURXJKWKH FKDQJH RI DGGUHVV RQ )RUP (2,5 WR WKH ,PPLJUDWLRQ PDLOWRWKHDOLHQRUKLVFRXQVHORIUHFRUG &RXUWZKHUHWKH>2UGHUWR6KRZ&DXVHKDG@EHHQILOHGRULI YHQXHKDVEHHQFKDQJHGWRWKH,PPLJUDWLRQ&RXUWWRZKLFK ,Q RUGHU WR VKRZ mFOHDU XQHTXLYRFDO DQG FRQYLQFLQJ YHQXHKDVEHHQFKDQJHGl HPSKDVLVDGGHG HYLGHQFHlRIPDLOVHUYLFHWKH,16PXVWIROORZWKHVWULFWXUHV RI F ZKLFKSURYLGHVWKDWm>V@HUYLFHE\PDLOXQGHU 7KH$WWRUQH\*HQHUDOKDVWKHDXWKRULW\WRLVVXHUHJXODWLRQV WKLVVHFWLRQVKDOOEHVXIILFLHQWLIWKHUHLVSURRIRIDWWHPSWHG SHUWDLQLQJWRLPPLJUDWLRQDQGQDWXUDOL]DWLRQXQGHU86& GHOLYHU\ WR WKH ODVW DGGUHVV SURYLGHG E\ WKH DOLHQ LQ 6HHDOVR&)5*HQHUDOO\ZHGHIHUWRWKH DFFRUGDQFH ZLWK VXEVHFWLRQ D ) RI WKLV VHFWLRQl UHJXODWLRQVZKHQGHWHUPLQLQJKRZWRLQWHUSUHWDVWDWXWHDV HPSKDVLV DGGHG ,Q WXUQ D ) SURYLGHV WKH ORQJDVWKHUHJXODWLRQVSUHVHQWDUHDVRQDEOHLQWHUSUHWDWLRQRI UHTXLUHPHQWWKDWWKHDOLHQmPXVWLPPHGLDWHO\SURYLGH RUKDYH WKH VWDWXWH 6HH ,QWHUPHW &RUS 6XEVLGLDULHV Y SURYLGHG WKH$WWRUQH\*HQHUDOZLWKDZULWWHQUHFRUGRIDQ &RPPLVVLRQHU )G WK&LU 7KDWLV DGGUHVVDQGWHOHSKRQHQXPEHU LIDQ\ DWZKLFKWKHDOLHQPD\ WKHUHJXODWLRQPXVWmLPSOHPHQWWKHFRQJUHVVLRQDOPDQGDWHLQ EH FRQWDFWHG UHVSHFWLQJ >UHPRYDO SURFHHGLQJV@l 86& VRPHUHDVRQDEOHPDQQHUl8QLWHG6WDWHVY&RUUHOO 86 D ) L 7KDWVHFWLRQFRQWLQXHVSURYLGLQJWKDWDQ 8QGHU 86& WKH $WWRUQH\ DOLHQPXVWOLNHZLVHSURYLGHDZULWWHQUHFRUGRIDQ\FKDQJHLQ *HQHUDOLVJUDQWHGRQO\JHQHUDOSRZHUWRLVVXHUHJXODWLRQV KLV DGGUHVV RU WHOHSKRQH QXPEHU 86& 7KXVZHRZHKLVLQWHUSUHWDWLRQOHVVGHIHUHQFHWKDQLIKHKDG D ) LL D VSHFLILF JUDQW RI DXWKRULW\ WR GHILQH D VWDWXWRU\ WHUP RU SUHVFULEH D VSHFLILF PHWKRG RI KDQGOLQJ D SURYLVLRQ 6HH 7KH ,16 KDV SURYLGHG VXIILFLHQW SURRI WKDW QRWLFH RI WKH 8QLWHG6WDWHVY9RJHO)HUWLOL]HU&R86 sDQXDU\ KHDULQJZDVVHQWWRWKH(FRUVH5RDGDGGUHVVDW 5RZDQ &RV Y 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 86 ZKLFK %HOWUDQ KDG SUHYLRXVO\ UHVLGHG 7KLV (FRUVH 5RDG +HUH &)5 JRHV EH\RQG WKH VWDWXWH DQG DGGV D DGGUHVVZDVSURYLGHGE\%HOWUDQRQDVLJQHG(2,5IRUP UHTXLUHPHQWWR86& D WKDWWKHDOLHQPXVWSURYLGH GDWHG sXO\ DQG ILOHG RQ $XJXVW RI WKDW \HDU 1R %HOWUDQY,16 %HOWUDQY,16 1R
KLVFKDQJHRIDGGUHVVQRWRQO\LQZULWLQJEXWRQDVSHFLILF UHSUHVHQW%HOWUDQ+RZHYHUWKHIDFWWKDW%HOWUDQjV:&1/6 IRUP7KXVLVQRWDPHUHLQWHUSUHWDWLRQRIWKHVWDWXWH UHSUHVHQWDWLYH ZDV DW WKH WLPH LQFDSDEOH RI VSHDNLQJ IRU EXWDQDGGHQGXP$FFRUGLQJO\ZHGRQRWILQGWKDW&)5 %HOWUDQ GRHV QRW JLYH WKH ,16 OHHZD\ WR GLVUHJDUG WKH UHSUHVHQWV D UHDVRQDEOH LQWHUSUHWDWLRQ RI WKH VWDWXWH :&1/6jVOHWWHUDVQRWLFH6HFWLRQ D UHTXLUHVQRWLFH EHFDXVHLWDGGVDGGLWLRQDOUHTXLUHPHQWVQRWFRQWHPSODWHGE\ \HWGRHVQRWSODFHDQ\UHVWULFWLRQVRQZKRPD\SURYLGHWKDW &RQJUHVV QRWLFH)XUWKHUPRUHWKH,16KDGQRUHDVRQWRNQRZDWWKH WLPHWKDW%HOWUDQjVUHSUHVHQWDWLYHZDVDODZJUDGXDWHDQGQRW 7KXVLWLVRQO\UHTXLVLWHWKDW%HOWUDQSURYLGHZULWWHQQRWLFH DODZ\HU+HKDGVHQWWKH OHWWHURQ:&1/6OHWWHUKHDG RI KLV FKDQJH RI DGGUHVV ZKLFK KH SXUSRUWV KH GLG RQ DQG VLJQHG KLV QDPH ZLWK WKH OHWWHUV s' DIWHUZDUG )HEUXDU\ 7KH,16IXUWKHUDUJXHVKRZHYHUWKDW $FFRUGLQJO\WKH,16jVDUJXPHQWWKDW%HOWUDQjVOHWWHUODFNHG HYHQ LI D OHWWHU ZHUH VXIILFLHQW WR VDWLVI\ D WKLV FUHGLELOLW\EHFDXVHLWZDVVHQWE\DQXQQRWLFHGODZJUDGXDWH SDUWLFXODUOHWWHUZDVLQVXIILFLHQWEHFDXVHLWZDVVHQWQRWE\ LV XQSHUVXDVLYH DQG DSSDUHQWO\ GHYHORSHG DIWHU WKH IDFW %HOWUDQ EXW E\ D QRQODZ\HU ODZ JUDGXDWH UHSUHVHQWLQJ EHFDXVHWKH,16KDGQRUHDVRQWRNQRZKHZDVQRWDODZ\HU %HOWUDQ7KH,16DVVHUWVWKDWLWKDGQRUHDVRQWRNQRZRU EHOLHYH WKDW WKLV LQGLYLGXDO ZDV DXWKRUL]HG WR VSHDN RQ %HOWUDQUDLVHVWKH(LJKWK&LUFXLWFDVHRI.DPDUDY,16 %HOWUDQj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jV DFNQRZOHGJPHQW WKDW WKH DGGUHVV 7KH QRWLFH RI KHDULQJ ZDV VHQW WR WKH RXWGDWHG :&1/6 ZDV UHSUHVHQWLQJ %HOWUDQ 7KLUG WKH :&1/6 0LQQHVRWDDGGUHVVDQG.DPDUDQDWXUDOO\IDLOHGWRDSSHDUDW UHSUHVHQWDWLYHDWWDFKHG%HOWUDQjVODVWFKDQJHRIDGGUHVVIRUP WKH KHDULQJ $ GHSRUWDWLRQ RUGHU LQ DEVHQWLD ZDV HQWHUHG WR WKH OHWWHU LQGLFDWLQJ WKDW KH ZDV LQ FORVH FRQWDFW ZLWK 2YHUWZR\HDUVODWHU.DPDUDOHDUQHGRIWKHGHSRUWDWLRQRUGHU %HOWUDQDQGKDGDFFHVVWRKLVGRFXPHQWV DQGILOHGDPRWLRQWRUHRSHQ7KH,&GHQLHGWKHPRWLRQDQG WKH%,$DIILUPHG,GDW +RZHYHUWKH(LJKWK&LUFXLW 0RUHRYHULWLVLUUHOHYDQWWKDW%HOWUDQjVUHSUHVHQWDWLYHZDV UHYHUVHG WKH %,$ DQG JUDQWHG WKH PRWLRQ ILQGLQJ WKDW WKH QRW D ODZ\HU 7KH ,PPLJUDWLRQ UHJXODWLRQV DOORZ IRU WKH OHWWHUSURYLGHGE\.DPDUDj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nKHUH VWDWXWH WKH,PPLJUDWLRQsXGJHnPXVWJLYHKLVSHUPLVVLRQIRUWKHODZ JUDGXDWHWRUHSUHVHQWWKHDOLHQ&)5 D LY %HOWUDQjV :&1/6 UHSUHVHQWDWLYH QHYHU ILOHG WKH UHTXLUHG /DZ\HUV DUH OLNHZLVH UHTXLUHG WR HQWHU DQ DSSHDUDQFH XQGHU &)5 VWDWHPHQWV DQG QHYHU UHFHLYHG SHUPLVVLRQ +HQFH WKH J %XW DJDLQ ZKHWKHU %HOWUDQjV :&1/6 UHSUHVHQWDWLYH SURSHUO\ :&1/6 UHSUHVHQWDWLYH ZDV QRW WHFKQLFDOO\ TXDOLILHG WR HQWHUHG KLV DSSHDUDQFH KDV QR EHDULQJ RQ ZKHWKHU %HOWUDQ KDG SURYLGHG QRWLFH RI KLV QHZ DGGUHVV 1R %HOWUDQY,16
%HFDXVHZHILQGWKDW%HOWUDQKDGVDWLVILHGWKHUHTXLUHPHQWV RI D ZH KDYH QR RFFDVLRQ WR DGGUHVV %HOWUDQjV FRQVWLWXWLRQDOGXHSURFHVVDUJXPHQW:HKHUHE\UHYHUVHWKH GHFLVLRQ RI WKH %,$ DQG UHPDQG WKLV FDXVH WR WKH ,& ZLWK LQVWUXFWLRQV WR JUDQW %HOWUDQjV PRWLRQ WR UHRSHQ KLV GHSRUWDWLRQKHDULQJ :H H[SUHVV QR RSLQLRQ RQ WKH XQGHUO\LQJ PHULWV RI WKLV FDVHDVWRZKHWKHU%HOWUDQjVGLVFUHWLRQDU\ZDLYHUVKRXOGEH JUDQWHG ,9&RQFOXVLRQ )RUWKHIRUHJRLQJUHDVRQVZH5(9(56(WKHGHFLVLRQRI WKH%RDUGRI,PPLJUDWLRQ$SSHDOVDQG5(0$1'WKLVFDXVH WRWKH,PPLJUDWLRQ&RXUW
Reference
- Status
- Published