Adams v. Alverno Clinical Laboratories, Inc.
Opinion of the Court
ORDER
Alverno Clinical Laboratories dismissed Beverly Adams, an African-American woman 43 years of age at the time, as part of a reduction in force conducted along set guidelines. Adams sued, alleging that the termination violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), and the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA). The district court granted Alverno summary judgment on all counts; Adams appeals only as to the Title VII and ADEA counts. We affirm the grant of summary judgment.
Adams began working for the Sisters of St. Francis Health Services in 1989 as a phlebotomist (a laboratory technician). Alverno was formed in 1998 by the Sisters of St. Francis as a consolidation of all its existing laboratories. That same year, Adams transferred to Alverno’s core facility in Hammond, Indiana as a “lab support service technician.” Alverno determined in 2000 that a reduction in force (RIF) would be necessary to meet future budgetary targets.
The RIF was planned and executed by Alverno’s CEO, Human Resources Director, and Laboratory Manager. These three department heads were also the final authority in Adams’ hiring and eventual firing. In order to comply with the employee handbook, Alverno implemented objective criteria to guide the RIF. Alverno began the RIF by selecting employees with adverse disciplinary records, but there were not enough of these employees to satisfy the planned reduction. The next step was to perform “objective skills assessments (yielding a numerical score)” of the remaining employees. The categories scored on the skills assessment report (SAR) included a variety of “core knowledge” areas such as telephone skills, proficiency in various software packages used in the lab, and “assets to perform job” such as flexibility, teamwork, and overall lab knowledge.
Adams’ department was drastically reduced in size. Of 20 full and part-time
Adams initially contends that, relying on the direct method of proving discrimination, see Cerutti v. BASF Corp., 349 F.3d 1055, 1061 (7th Cir. 2003), she presented sufficient direct evidence of age discrimination to escape summary judgment. Adams had no direct evidence, e.g., an admission from an Alverno manager that she was fired because of her age or race, so she had to rely on circumstantial evidence to satisfy the direct method of proof. See Venturelli v. ARC Cmty. Serv., Inc., 350 F.3d 592, 601 (7th Cir. 2003) (discussing three means of using circumstantial evidence to satisfy the direct method). Adams contends that the circumstantial evidence she presented demonstrated, among other things, that Alverno treated similarly situated workers better than it treated her and that Alverno’s stated rationale for retaining Stablein was merely a pretext for its actual discriminatory intent. Her arguments under this standard fit more properly under the indirect method analysis, as the district court characterized her claims. We agree and accept this characterization.
The district court held, and Alverno does not dispute, that Adams successfully made her prima facie case on both the Title VII and ADEA claims under the indirect method by establishing that she belonged to a protected class, that her performance met Alverno’s expectations, that she was fired, and that she was treated less favorably than similarly situated employees. Under McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 93 S.Ct. 1817, 36 L.Ed.2d 668 (1973), this in turn shifted the burden to Alverno to show that it had a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason for terminating Adams. Alverno clearly articulated its allegedly nondiscriminatory rationale: it implemented a RIF in order to meet the next year’s budgetary targets and dismissed Adams as part of that RIF. Adams, therefore, had to show that the RIF was merely a pretext for discrimination in order to survive summary judgment. Butts v. Aurora Health Care, Inc., 387 F.3d 921, 924 (7th Cir. 2004).
AFFIRMED.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Beverly ADAMS v. ALVERNO CLINICAL LABORATORIES, INC.
- Status
- Published