Winter v. Cerro Gordo County Conservation Board
Opinion of the Court
These appeals arise out of a civil rights action filed under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (1989), relating to the discharge of Steven J. Winter as a Park Ranger Foreman employed by the Cerro Gordo County Conservation Board in Iowa. The district court
We initially discuss the merits of the Board’s appeal. The main argument on appeal focuses on the issue of whether the Board’s executive officer, Ben Van Gundy, who discharged Winter, was a policy-maker binding the Board.
We find in light of the jury verdict that this issue is irrelevant to the case. The issue in Praprotnik involved an alleged illegal transfer because of the exercise of his employee’s first amendment rights. In Praprotnik, the Supreme Court found that the plaintiff’s transfer was not caused by a defined policy-maker. Our decision on remand agreed. Praprotnik v. City of St. Louis, 879 F.2d 1573, 1576 (8th Cir. 1989). In the present case, the jury determined that Winter had not been discharged for exercising his first amendment rights. The jury verdict in favor of Winter was returned only on the second count, to-wit, that Winter had been discharged without being afforded procedural due process. It is undisputed that if Winter was denied procedural due process it was by the Board. Also neither side disputes the controlling principle set forth in Cleveland Board of Education v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532, 542, 105 S.Ct. 1487, 1493, 84 L.Ed.2d 494 (1985), that a discharge of a public employee by a public employer requires pre-termination notice and a hearing. The relevant argument as to whether due process was afforded turns on whether Winter enjoyed a property interest in his job and whether the factual evidence was sufficient regarding pretermination notice and a hearing.
Property Interest
We hold that Winter had a property interest in his job as a park ranger because he fell within the meaning of the Iowa Veterans Preference Law. Iowa Code Ann. § 70.1 (West Supp. 1990).
Due Process
On January 13, 1984, Van Gundy wrote a letter to the Board detailing the problems he and Winter were having. At a Board meeting on January 17,1984, Winter responded to the allegations against him and made various allegations about Van Gundy. The Board then held a closed session to discuss Van Gundy’s management and the Winter problem. The Board told Van Gundy not to terminate Winter until Van Gundy had further responded to Winter’s allegations. Van Gundy wrote a letter to the Board responding to Winter’s allegations prior to the February Board meeting. Winter’s discharge was not discussed at the February meeting; however, the Board accepted Van Gundy’s response at that meeting. Van Gundy then terminated Winter the day after the February meeting.
The Board urges that it provided Winter with an opportunity to respond to Van Gun-dy’s allegations at the January 17 meeting. Winter argues, however, that he was fired because of what he said about Van Gundy at the January 17 meeting. In Winter’s termination letter, Van Gundy stated that Winter was fired primarily for “dishonest, untrue and misleading accusations about myself made at [the] public meeting.” The record thus supports the jury’s finding that although Winter was given a chance to respond to Van Gundy at the January Board meeting, he was not fired because of his conduct prior to that meeting. Van Gundy’s letter demonstrates that Winter was fired for the allegations he made about Van Gundy at the January meeting. Because Winter was fired for his alleged false statements at the January meeting and never received a pre-termination hearing, the record supports the jury’s finding that he was denied procedural due process by the Board.
After the return of the verdict and post-verdict motions had been filed, the trial court entered judgment on the verdict and denied prejudgment interest for lack of specificity. On November 20, 1989, Winter filed a motion to amend the judgment pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 60(b)(1). The Board filed its Notice of Appeal on November 24, 1989. On March 9, 1990, the district court amended the judgment and awarded Winter $18,194.65 in prejudgment interest and $44,893.62 in attorney’s fees and expenses.
Winter is entitled to prejudgment interest pursuant to Iowa Code Ann. § 535.3 (West Supp. 1990).
It is argued that the district court lost jurisdiction to amend its earlier judgment under Rule 60(b)(1) once the notice of appeal was filed. Our cases, however, allow the district court to consider a Rule 60(b) motion, filed after a notice of appeal, on the merits and to deny it. A separate appeal can thereafter be taken.
Attorney’s Fees
We affirm the district court’s award of $39,550 for attorney’s fees and $5,343.62 for expenses. The district court has broad discretion in determining the amount of attorney’s fees awarded pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1988 (1989). Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 437, 103 S.Ct.
Conclusion
In light of the jury’s verdict, the policymaker issue is irrelevant. We hold that there is sufficient evidence, however, to support the verdict that Winter was denied procedural due process. We affirm the judgment on the verdict, but remand back to the district court to amend its award of prejudgment interest pursuant to the instructions set out here. In appeal No. 89-2918NI and cross appeal No. 89-2940NI costs shall be awarded against Cerro Gordo Conservation Board. In appeal No. 90-1741NI and cross appeal No. 90-1844NI each party shall pay their own costs.
. The Honorable Andrew W. Bogue, sitting by official designation.
. The jury found in favor of Van Gundy on both counts. The trial court erroneously submitted Van Gundy’s defense of qualified immunity to the jury. See Fields v. City of Omaha, 810 F.2d 830, 834 (8th Cir. 1987). However no error is assessed to this charge.
.Section 70.1 provides:
In every public department and upon all public works in the state, and of the counties, cities, and school corporations thereof, honorably discharged persons from the military or naval forces of the United States in any war in which the United States has been engaged, including ... the Vietnam Conflict beginning August 5, 1964, and ending on May 7, 1975, both dates inclusive, who are citizens and residents of this state are entitled to preference in appointment and employment over*1072 other applicants of no greater qualifications ....
Iowa Code Ann. § 70.1 (West Supp. 1990).
. Section 70.6 states that
No person holding a public position by appointment or employment, and belonging to any of the classes of persons to whom a preference is herein granted, shall be removed from such position or employment except for incompetency or misconduct shown after a hearing, upon due notice, upon stated charges, and with the right of such employee or appointee to a review by a writ of certiora-ri or at such person's election, to judicial review in accordance with the terms of the Iowa Administrative Procedure Act if that is otherwise applicable to their case.
Iowa Code Ann. § 70.6 (West Supp. 1990).
. The parties assign no error concerning the instruction or the damages awarded on Winter’s due process claim. Presumably, the damages were assessed for Winter's discharge without a pre-termination hearing. The Court, in Louder-mill, stated that an employee entitled to a pre-termination hearing should be suspended with pay. Loudermill, 470 U.S. at 544-45, 105 S.Ct. at 1494-95. Here, Winter was not suspended pending any hearing; he was discharged without receiving a hearing. The damages awarded would theoretically measure his lost wages until the time of trial since he had received no pre-termination hearing. This court, however, relying on Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247, 266, 98 S.Ct. 1042, 1053, 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978), has held under similar circumstances that a plaintiff is entitled only to nominal damages. See Hogue v. Clinton, 791 F.2d 1318, 1326-27 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1008, 107 S.Ct. 648, 93 L.Ed.2d 704 (1986) (Lay, C.J., concurring in part and dissenting in part).
However, we have recently affirmed a damage award as an equitable measure to equate "back pay." See Brewer v. Parkman, 918 F.2d 1336 (8th Cir.), vacated and rehearing en banc granted, 89-2980 (8th Cir. Dec. 28, 1990). Here, we need not address the damage issue other than in our remand of the prejudgment interest
. Section 535.3 provides that
Interest shall be allowed on all money due on judgments and decrees of courts at the rate of ten percent per year, unless a different rate is fixed by the contract on which the judgment or decree is rendered, in which case the judgment or decree shall draw interest at the rate expressed in the contract, not exceeding the maximum applicable rate permitted by the provisions of section 535.2, which rate must be expressed in the judgment or decree. The interest shall accrue from the date of the commencement of the action.
Iowa Code Ann. § 535.3 (West Supp. 1990).
. When this occurs the appealing party should file a new appeal and notify this court of the ruling on the Rule 60(b) motion so that any new evidence can be considered along with the appeal on the merits.
. In determining the amount of attorney’s fees the court should consider these 12 factors:
(1) the time and labor required; (2) the novelty and difficulty of the questions; (3) the skill requisite to perform the legal service properly; (4) the preclusion of employment by the attorney due to acceptance of the case; (5) the customary fee; (6) whether the fee is fixed or contingent; (7) time limitations imposed by the client or the circumstances; (8) the amount involved and the results obtained; (9) the experience, reputation, and ability of the attorneys; (10) the “undesirability" of the case; (11) the nature and length of the professional relationship with the client; and (12) awards in similar cases.
Hensley, 461 U.S. at 430 n. 3, 103 S.Ct. at 1938 n. 3.
. The court noted that "both counsel have engaged in excessive and redundant activity which greatly obfuscated the issues which needed resolution. Closer attention to the details required to dispose of this case would have facilitated expeditious resolution-pretrial, at trial, and post-trial." Winter v. Cerro Gordo County, No. 85-3112, slip op. at 8 (N.D.Iowa Mar. 9, 1990). In the district court, in their post verdict motions and on appeal, both parties argued an irrelevant issue of who the policy-maker was with the authority to fire Winter. This issue was no longer before the court because of the jury’s finding that Winter had not been wrongfully discharged for his speech.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Steven J. WINTER v. CERRO GORDO COUNTY CONSERVATION BOARD, Ben Van Gundy and, Ronald Masters (Two Cases) Steven J. WINTER v. CERRO GORDO COUNTY CONSERVATION BOARD, Ben Van Gundy and, Ronald Masters (Two Cases)
- Cited By
- 11 cases
- Status
- Published