MEMORANDUM **

Alfredo Salem, his wife, and their four children (petitioners) petition for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (BIA) affirmance of an Immigration Judge’s denial of their applications for asylum and withholding of removal. Mr. Salem, the lead petitioner, is a native and citizen of the Philippines. The claims of his wife and children are derivative of his application.

Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s determination that the petitioners did not establish past persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution if they returned to the Philippines. Although petitioners testified credibly regarding the anonymous telephone death threats, unfulfilled threats, without more, are generally viewed as conduct indicative of a danger of future persecution, rather than as past persecution, Lim v. INS, 224 F.3d 929, 936 (9th Cir. 2000). There is no compelling evidence that petitioners are of continued interest to the unknown persons who made the telephone death threats or that petitioners would be singled out for their political opinions if they returned to the Philippines. See Cruz-Navarro v. INS, 232 F.3d 1024,1029-30 (9th Cir. 2000).

Because the petitioners failed to meet the standard for asylum, they also fail to meet the higher standard for withholding of removal. Rivera-Moreno v. INS, 213 F.3d 481, 487 (9th Cir. 2000).

PETITIONS FOR REVIEW DENIED.