U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2007

Employers Insurance v. St. Clair Contractors, Inc.

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · Decided February 28, 2007

223 F. App'x 644

Opinion of the Court

MEMORANDUM *

The City of McCall appeals a jury’s verdict that it breached a contract with a construction company and the corresponding damages award, as well as the attorney’s fees awarded by the district court. We affirm.

*646 1. Jury Instructions.

There was no error in Instruction 3 or 3A. Idaho recognizes the theory of substantial performance.1 The district court adequately distinguished this term and the term substantial completion in the contract. St. Clair did not need to substantially complete by the date set in the contract in order to claim substantial performance because the contract provided for the possibility of extensions.

There was no error in Instruction 22. Idaho law approves the giving of a futility instruction.2 Given the evidence of the City’s decision that it would not allow any further requests for time extensions, it was appropriate to instruct the jury on futility where St. Clair was in part arguing that it was futile to ask for any further extensions.

At trial, the City did not object to Instruction 7A based on its lack of guidance as to how to calculate damages. And Instruction 7A, which is patterned on the model Idaho instructions,3 is not plainly erroneous;4 it provides sufficient guidance to find damages consistent with Idaho law.5

Even if one of these instructions were erroneous, the error would be harmless. Which party breached, and how much damage it caused, was fairly put before the jury and the instruction as a whole fairly informed the jury how to decide the matter.6

2. Damages.

The evidence was sufficient to justify the jury’s award. The testimony of Randall St. Clair, together with the documentary evidence of the company’s financial position before, during, and after the events at issue, showed a close enough connection between the City’s termination of the contract, St. Clair’s loss of bonding ability, and the economic losses subsequently suffered to justify the jury in finding that St. Clair’s losses were proximately caused by the City’s breach. The same evidence also justified the jury in finding the business devastation damages proved with reasonable certainty. This is all Idaho law requires.7

3. Attorney’s Fees.

The court found that the hours expended, and the hourly rate charged, by the prevailing parties’ attorneys were reasonable. This finding was sufficient to justify the lodestar award.8 And the *647judge’s decision to make the City principally liable for Wausau’s attorney’s fee (St. Clair only pays if the City cannot) was also reasonable given the roles of each party.

AFFIRMED.

This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9 th Cir. R. 36-3.

. See Idaho Jury Instruction 609 (2002); Proposed Idaho Jury Instruction 6.13 (2003); see also Tentinger v. McPheters, 132 Idaho 620, 977 P.2d 234, 236 (Idaho Ct.App. 1999).

. See Sullivan v. Bullock, 124 Idaho 738, 864 P.2d 184, 192 & n. 3 (Idaho Ct.App. 1993).

. See Idaho Jury Instructions 902, 916; Proposed Idaho Jury Instruction 9.01, 9.03 (2003).

. See Fed.R.Civ.P. 51(d).

. See infra at 4-5.

. Cf. Sullivan v. Bullock, 124 Idaho 738, 864 P.2d 184, 192 (Idaho Ct.App. 1993) (“When reviewing jury instructions, the appellate court must determine whether the jury was properly and adequately instructed. In making that determination, we ascertain whether the instructions, when considered as a whole, fairly and adequately present the issues and state the applicable law.... Reversible error only occurs when an instruction misleads the jury or prejudices a party.”) (citations omitted).

. See, e.g., Magic Valley Truck Brokers, Inc. v. Meyer, 133 Idaho 110, 982 P.2d 945, 951-952 (Idaho Ct.App. 1999).

. See, e.g., Gates v. Deukmejian, 987 F.2d 1392, 1398 (9th Cir. 1992) (“[W]e do not require an elaborately reasoned, calculated, or worded order ... [and] a brief explanation *647... will do____” But "something more than a bald, unsupported amount is necessary.”) (quotations omitted).

Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.