Yu-Hwa Pa v. Doyle
Yu-Hwa Pa v. Doyle
Opinion of the Court
MEMORANDUM
Yu-Hwa Pa appeals the district court’s partial grant of summary judgment in favor of Defendants Larry Doyle (“Doyle”) and San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District (“BART”). The facts and procedural history of this case are known to the parties, and we repeat them here only as necessary. We review the district court’s grant of partial summary judgment de novo, King Jewelry, Inc. v. Fed. Express Corp., 316 F.3d 961, 963 (9th Cir. 2003), reviewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party and determining whether there are any genuine issues of material fact and whether the district court correctly applied the relevant substantive law. Olsen v. Idaho State Bd. of Med., 363 F.3d 916, 922 (9th Cir. 2004). Because we find that the district court did not err in granting summary judgment, we AFFIRM.
First, the scope of the release here clearly encompasses all claims and potential claims, including any claims Pa might bring under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Pa argues that under California law, the scope of a release is always a question of fact that must be left to the jury and that evidence of a party’s intent to release unknown claims must be extrinsic to the language of
The language at issue here unambiguously encompasses all claims and potential claims under the agreement and the change order. The ambiguity proffered by Pa arises from his selective quotation and emphasis of the language of the waiver. Read fairly and as a whole, the agreement refers to two time periods: the period falling under the extension granted by Change Order No. 14 and the contractual period prior to and including August 2, 2002. Although it is true that these two periods overlap by approximately 17 days,
Other factors besides the plain language of the waiver also convince us to give effect to the Change Order’s plain language. The Change Order involved no personal injury claim, was a standard business agreement between two parties experienced in the industry dealing at arms length, and expressly waived the provisions of California Civil Code § 1542. Furthermore, contrary to Pa’s protestations, he did receive valuable consideration for this waiver: In exchange for his waiver of claims, he received a 39-day extension, which, at $1,500 per day in liquidated damages, was worth $58,500. We are persuaded that Winet requires us to enforce this waiver according to its terms.
Second, Pa argues that he is entitled to rescission of the waiver because of BART’s misrepresentations regarding the scope of the waiver or mistake. However, he neither alleged fraud nor requested rescission below. We decline to review these issues for the first time on appeal.
Finally, Pa also argues that the waiver did not encompass his § 1983 claims as a matter of law. For the reasons stated above, we reject this argument.
AFFIRMED.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
. The time of completion under the original contract period plus earlier change orders was 404 days, giving a final completion date of July 16, 2002; the 39-day extension granted by Change Order No. 14 encompassed July 17, 2002 through August 24, 2002. Change Order No. 14 thus includes 17 days prior to August 2, 2002.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.