MEMORANDUM **

Mir Raihan Ali, a native and citizen of India, petitions for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ order dismissing his appeal from an immigration judge’s removal order. We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We review de novo constitutional challenges to removal orders, and review for substantial evidence the agency’s factual findings. Lopez-Rodriguez v. Mukasey, 536 F.3d 1012, 1015 (9th Cir. 2008). We deny the petition for review.

Even assuming that Ali’s allegedly unlawful arrest and detention was an egregious violation of his constitutional or regulatory rights, the agency did not err in concluding that there was substantial independent evidence in the record to establish that he nonetheless was subject to removal as charged. See Hoonsilapa v. INS, 575 F.2d 735, 738 (9th Cir.), modified by 586 F.2d 755 (9th Cir. 1978) (the mere fact of a Fourth Amendment illegality does not require exclusion of evidence unearthed from independent sources).

To the extent Ali contends that the independent source doctrine should not apply to immigration proceedings because it would allow the alleged violations of his constitutional rights to go “unpunished,” this argument is unpersuasive. See Nix v. Williams, 467 U.S. 431, 443, 104 S.Ct. 2501, 81 L.Ed.2d 377 (1984) (the purpose of the exclusionary rule is to “put the [government actors] in the same, not a worse, position that they would have been in if no ... misconduct had occurred”) (emphasis in original).

PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.