Sanders County Republican Central Committee v. Fox

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Sanders County Republican Central Committee v. Fox, 717 F.3d 1090 (9th Cir. 2013)
2013 WL 3119138; 2013 U.S. App. LEXIS 12755

Sanders County Republican Central Committee v. Fox

Opinion

OPINION

RAKOFF, Senior District Judge:

On May 29, 2012, appellee Sanders County Republican Central Committee (“the Committee”) filed suit against appellants, the State of Montana’s Attorney General and its Commissioner of Political Practices, seeking a declaration that certain portions of a Montana statute making it a criminal offense for any political party to “endorse, contribute to, or make an expenditure to support or oppose a judicial candidate” in a nonpartisan judicial election, MontCode Ann. § 13-35-231, were unconstitutional and requesting an injunction against its enforcement. On June 26, 2012, the district court denied the Committee’s motion for a preliminary injunction. On September 17, 2012, this Court reversed that decision, with Judge Schroeder dissenting, and remanded the case for further proceedings consistent with the Court’s opinion. See Sanders Cnty. Republican Cent. Comm. v. Bullock, 698 F.3d 741 (9th Cir. 2012). Specifically, this Court determined that Montana’s ban on endorsements and expenditures by a political party in a judicial -election violated the Committee’s rights under the' First Amendment, id. at 745-48, and that the enforcement of section 13-35-231’s prohibition of such endorsements and of the expenditures needed to make those views publicly known should be preliminarily enjoined. Id. at 748-49.

Upon remand to the district court, appellants moved for an order vacating the previously-set September 25, 2012, trial date and sought an opportunity to file motions for summary judgment. The district court vacated the trial date and, finding that summary judgment motions would be “superfluous” in light of this court’s preliminary injunction opinion, entered judgment on September 19, 2012, permanently enjoining appellants from enforcing section 13-35-231 in its entirety. Appellants now appeal from that judgment.

To the extent that appellants challenge the permanent injunction against enforcement of section 13-35-231’s ban on endorsements-and expenditures, this panel is bound to follow its published decision finding those provisions unconstitutional. See Gonzalez v. Arizona, 677 F.3d 383, 389 n. 4 (9th Cir. 2012) (en banc), cert. granted, — U.S. -, 133 S.Ct. 476, 184 L.Ed.2d 296 *1092 (2012) (“[A] published decision of this court constitutes binding authority which ‘must be followed unless and until overruled by a body competent to do so’ .... ” (quoting Hart v. Massanari, 266 F.3d 1155, 1170 (9th Cir. 2001))). Accordingly, we affirm the district court’s entry of a permanent injunction as it pertains to those portions of the statute.

However, the district court, apparently under the mistaken impression that this court had found section 13-35-231 unconstitutional in all respects, entered a permanent injunction against the enforcement of section 13-35-231 in its entirety, including the statute’s ban on contributions by a political party to a judicial candidate. In its decision of September 17, 2012, this court had not reached the issue of the statute’s ban on contributions, noting that the Committee “does not here challenge Montana’s ban on contributions to judicial candidates by political parties.”' Sanders Cnty. Republican Cent. Comm., 698 F.3d at 744 n. 1. Nor in the brief proceedings before the district court after the matter was remanded following our decision did the Committee challenge the statute’s ban on contributions. And in its submission on the instant appeal, the Committee once again disavows any such challenge. See Lair v. Bullock, 697 F.3d 1200 (9th Cir. 2012) (finding, on a motion for a stay pending appeal, that Montana was likely to succeed on an appeal of a permanent injunction against enforcement of certain restrictions on campaign contributions).

We therefore remand to the district court with instructions to revise the permanent injunction so that it enjoins only .the statute’s ban on endorsements and expenditures, and not the statute’s ban on contributions. 1 The parties shall bear their own costs.

AFFIRMED IN PART and REVERSED AND REMANDED IN PART.

1

. It is clear that the statute's contribution ban is severable from its endorsement and expenditure bans, and the parties nowhere suggest otherwise. See Free Enter. Fund v. Pub. Co. Accounting Oversight Bd., - U.S. -, 130 S.Ct. 3138, 3161, 177 L.Ed.2d 706 (2010) (" ‘Generally speaking, when confronting a constitutional flaw in a statute, we try to limit the solution to the problem,’ severing any ‘problematic portions while leaving the remainder intact.’ ” (quoting Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of N. New Eng., 546 U.S. 320, 328-29, 126 S.Ct. 961, 163 L.Ed.2d 812 (2006))).

Reference

Full Case Name
SANDERS COUNTY REPUBLICAN CENTRAL COMMITTEE, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Timothy C. FOX, in His Official Capacity as Attorney General for the State of Montana; James Murry, in His Official Capacity as the Commissioner for Political Practices for the State of Montana, Defendants-Appellants
Cited By
1 case
Status
Published