United States v. Everardo Alcala

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

United States v. Everardo Alcala

Opinion

NOT FOR PUBLICATION FILED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FEB 11 2020 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 19-50101

Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. No. 2:18-cr-00614-PA-1

v. MEMORANDUM* EVERARDO VALENCIA ALCALA, AKA Lalo Everardo Alcala, AKA Evarardo Alcala Lalo, AKA Evarardo Alcala Valencia, AKA Alcala Valencia, AKA Alcala Evarardo Valencia, AKA Eduardo Valencia, AKA Evarado Valencia, AKA Everardo Valencia, AKA Lalo Valencia, AKA Eduardo Valencia-Alcala, AKA Everado Valencia- Alcala, AKA Everardo Valencia-Alcala, AKA Gerardo Valencia-Alcala,

Defendant-Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of California Percy Anderson, District Judge, Presiding

Submitted February 4, 2020**

Before: FERNANDEZ, SILVERMAN, and TALLMAN, Circuit Judges.

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3. ** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). Everardo Valencia Alcala appeals from the district court’s judgment and

challenges the 42-month sentence imposed following his bench-trial conviction for

being an illegal alien found in the United States following deportation, in violation

of 8 U.S.C. § 1326. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

Alcala challenges the district court’s application of a four-level enhancement

pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(3)(D). He first argues that the enhancement was

improper because the post-removal conviction at issue was reduced to a

misdemeanor pursuant to subsequent California state law. However, the change in

the status of that prior offense does not alter the fact that after Alcala was ordered

removed, he engaged in criminal conduct that resulted in a felony conviction. See

U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2(b)(3)(D) (2018); United States v. Yepez, 704 F.3d 1087, 1091

(9th Cir. 2012) (en banc) (“State courts cannot be given the authority to change a

defendant’s federal sentence by issuing a ruling that alters history and the

underlying facts.”); see also United States v. Diaz, 838 F.3d 968, 972-74 (9th Cir.

2016) (reclassification under California’s Proposition 47 does not invalidate

sentencing enhancement under 21 U.S.C. § 841). Alcala also argues that the

district court’s application of the challenged enhancement violated the Equal

Protection Clause. However, as this court has repeatedly held, no equal protection

violation occurs when defendants who commit the same crimes at different times

receive different sentences because of changes in sentencing policy. See

2 19-50101 McQueary v. Blodgett, 924 F.2d 829, 834 (9th Cir. 1991).

AFFIRMED.

3 19-50101

Reference

Status
Unpublished