delivered the opinion of the court.

*66 All of these cases were tried by the court without a. jury, by agreement of the parties, as alleged in the record; but therq is no allegation that the stipulation was in writing, as required by the statute; and, under the ruling in Bond v. Dustin, 112 U. S. 604, and Dundee Mortgage Company v. Hughes, 124 U. S. 157, no error can be examined in the rulings of the court at the trial. Ve can only inquire whether the declarations were respectively sufficient to sustain the judgments. As there appears to be no érror in this regard, the judgments are severally

Affirmed..