Zatko v. California
Opinion of the Court
Last Term, we amended Rule 39 of the Rules of the Supreme Court of the United States to add the following:
“39.8. If satisfied that a petition for a writ of certiorari, jurisdictional statement, or petition for an extraordinary-writ, as the case may be, is frivolous or malicious, the Court may deny a motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis.”
Because in forma pauperis petitioners lack the financial disincentives — filing fees and attorney’s fees — that help to
Today, we invoke Rule 39.8 for the first time, and deny in forma pauperis status to petitioners Vladimir Zatko and James L. Martin. We do not do so casually, however. We deny leave to proceed in forma pauperis only with respect to two petitioners who have repeatedly abused the integrity of our process through frequent frivolous filings. Over the last 10 years, Zatko has filed 73 petitions in this Court; 34 of those filings have come within the last 2 years. Martin has been only slightly less prolific over the same 10-year period and has filed over 45 petitions, 15 of them within the last 2 years. In each of their filings up to this point, we have permitted Zatko and Martin to proceed informa pauperis, and we have denied their petitions without recorded dissent. However, this Court’s goal of fairly dispensing justice “is compromised when the Court is forced to devote its limited resources to the processing of repetitious and frivolous requests” such as these. In re Sindram, 498 U. S. 177, 179-180 (1991). We conclude that the pattern of repetitious filing on the part of Zatko and Martin has resulted in an extreme abuse of the system. In the hope that our action will deter future similar frivolous practices, we deny Zatko and Martin leave to proceed in forma pauperis in these cases.
The dissent complains that, by invoking this Rule against Zatko and Martin, we appear to ignore our duty to provide equal access to justice for both the rich and the poor. The message we hope to send is quite the opposite, however. In order to advance the interests of justice, the Court’s general
To discourage abusive tactics that actually hinder us from providing equal access to justice for all, we therefore deny leave to proceed informa pauperis in these cases, pursuant to Rule 39.8. Accordingly, petitioners are allowed until November 25, 1991, within which to pay the docketing fee required by Rule 38 and to submit petitions in compliance with Rule 33 of the Rules of this Court. Future similar filings from these petitioners will merit additional measures.
It is so ordered.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting.
Last Term, over the dissent of three Justices, the Court amended its Rule 39 for the “vital” purpose of protecting
The Court has applied a different procedure to the petitioners in these cases. Their multiple filings have enabled the Court to single them out as candidates for enforcement of the amended Rule. As a result, the order in their cases denies leave to proceed informa pauperis pursuant to Rule 39.8, rather than simply denying certiorari. The practical effect of such an order is the same as a simple denial.
By its action today, the Court places yet another barrier in the way of indigent petitioners.
Because I believe the Court has little to gain and much to lose by applying Rule 39.8 as it does today, I would deny certiorari in these cases, and will so vote in similar cases in the future.
In re Amendment to Rule 39, 500 U. S. 13, 14 (1991). The amended Rule, Rule 39.8 of the Rules of the Supreme Court of the United States, provides as follows:
“If satisfied that a petition for a writ of certiorari, jurisdictional statement, or petition for an extraordinary writ, as the case may be, is frivolous or malicious, the Court may deny a motion for leave to proceed in forma pauperis. ”
In the past, I have noted that the work of the Court is “facilitated by the practice of simply denying certiorari once a determination is made that there is no merit to the petitioner’s claim,” rather than determining whether “the form of the order should be a denial or a dismissal” in cases of questionable jurisdiction. Davis v. Jacobs, 454 U. S. 911, 914-915 (1981) (opinion respecting denial of petitions for writs of certiorari).
“Our longstanding tradition of leaving our door open to all classes of litigants is a proud and decent one worth maintaining. See Talamini v. Allstate Ins. Co., 470 U. S. 1067, 1070 (1985) (Stevens, J., concurring).” In re Sindram, 498 U. S. 177, 182 (1991) (Marshall, J., dissenting, joined by Blackmun and Stevens, JJ.).
“And with each barrier that it places in the way of indigent litigants, . . . the Court can only reinforce in the hearts and minds of our society’s less fortunate members the unsettling message that their pleas are not welcome here.” In re Demos, 500 U. S. 16, 19 (1991) (Marshall, J., dissenting, joined by Blackmun and Stevens, JJ.).
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