Leger Construction, Inc. v. Roberts, Inc.
Leger Construction, Inc. v. Roberts, Inc.
Opinion of the Court
Appeal from a judgment on Roberts’ counterclaim, as subcontractor, under an agreement with Leger. The latter was the prime contractor on two public maintenance station jobs. Affirmed in part and reversed in part. No costs awarded.
Leger obtained a bond from defendant U.S.F. & G., running in favor of himself, laborers and materialmen. The contract with Roberts having to do with the plumbing was to be completed by November 30, 1971. There was a clause in the contract providing for a $50-a-day liquidated damage payment for each day thereafter that the construction remained, incomplete. Also there was a provision that an extension of time could be granted if Roberts asked for it and if Leger, believing there were circumstances or unforeseeable causes beyond Roberts’ control and without fault or negligence on Roberts’ part, which circumstances included acts of the owner, other contractors, and adverse weather conditions. The court found there were such circumstances. However, Roberts neglected to ask for such extension.
The court also found the following: That Leger testified he was suing only for delay in laying radiant heating pads, claiming Roberts was slow in starting; also that the pads were installed by
Leger assigns ten points on appeal, most of which are simply by virtue of an interpretation of the evidence antithetically to that of the trial court, to which interpretation we cannot subscribe, since we think there is sufficient refutation of Leger’s contention, that if believed by the trial court, supports such findings.
Leger says that the only way that Roberts could get an extension of time was to ask for it in writing, when it “shall be granted, when it is, in the judgment of (Leger), not practical or impossible or because of unforeseeable causes beyond control and without fault or negligence on (Roberts’) behalf, to complete said work in the specified time (above causes including but not restricted to strikes, war, acts of God, . . . acts of another contractor . . . and adverse weather conditions.”) The facts that Leger failed to pay the balance on the contract, and filed this suit, and alleged in his complaint that Roberts failed to comply with the contract, “despite [Leger’s] repeated demands” upon him to do so, make it obvious that if Roberts had asked for an extension, it would have been an idle gesture and was unnecessary under the principle that the law will not require one to do a useless ■ or impossible thing.
As to Leger’s objection that evidence that another similar job was equally delayed, was inadmissible, .in many cases, this well might be true. Leger cites no authority to support this point on appeal, however. The matter of admissibility largely depends on identicalness, similarity, or, on the other hand, a stranger thereto, — governable largely by the sound discretion of the trial court. The two jobs on which Roberts was employed at Salt Lake City and Manila, Utah, were about the same kind of construction and plumbing, as was a third job at Lehi, Utah, that went to another subcontractor, — all three jobs having been put out to bid about the same time. We see no error in the trial court having admitted the evidence, particularly since one of Leger’s witnesses who appeared to be an expert, opened the matter up and
The record is so diffused with evidence of different complexion that we are constrained to believe and hold that there are sufficient facts reflected therein, that if believed, supported the findings, and this being so, under the rules on appeal we affirm the judgment,
As to the award of attorney’s fees, that part of the judgment is reversed. In the original judgment no attorney’s fees were awarded. They were awarded on motion to amend. There was nothing in the contract that mentioned entitlement to attorney’s fees in case of suit by either party, and it is obvious that the parties did not intend or expect that either would be entitled thereto in the event either filed suit thereon. We have said more than once that a litigant cannot pray for attorney’s fees unless they are provided for in a contract,
Rule 54(d)(2), Utah Rules of Civil Procedure with respect to “Costs,” provides that one claiming them must, “within five days” after judgment, serve the other party and file with the court a verified memorandum of items. Roberts did not include any attorney’s fees in his cost bill within the five-day prescribed period, — and could not have done so because the original judgment awarded none. He sought the fees nine days after the judgment and four days after the required cost bill filing date. The attorney’s fees were incorporated in the judgment and that is the present state of the record. The judgment cannot be amended again on motion because it is too late. As a matter of fact the judgment for attorney’s fees is invalid since there was nothing in the contract providing for such an award.
The only basis upon which Roberts could have been awarded the fees under the statute was to invoke it and to invoke it, it would have to be on the basis of expense of litigation, — or “costs,” — and not as an outgrowth of a written contract.
The statute involved is Title 14-1-8, Utah Code Annotated 1953, which clearly reads as follows:
Attorney’s fees allowed. — In any action brought upon 'either of the bonds provided herein, or against the public body failing to obtain the delivery of the payment bond, the prevailing party, upon each separate cause of action, shall re*216 cover a reasonable attorney s fee to be taxed as costs.5
The judgment for costs is quite inconsistent with the terms of the contract and completely in derogation of the statute. The case is remanded with instructions to vacate the award for attorney’s fees. Other matters raised on appeal need no treatment, being moot, in the light of what we say here.
. Which finding Leger objected to, and which may have been somewhat inaccurate as reflected in the record, but appears to have been a factor of substantial urgence by Leger as to the nature and extent of claimed damages, but at the same time not such as would call for reversal.
. To which finding Leger objected on the ground that this being a contract, fault or negligence of him who breaches it is not tenable as a defense (Williston, Contracts 3d Ed. 2, Sec. 1290). Such finding may be inarticulate but certainly failure to comply with its terms is the latter’s fault and may be negligence, and the objection, in our opinion, is one of semantics.
. Nokes v. Continental M. & M. Co., 6 Utah 2d 177, 308 P.2d 954 (1957) ; Hardy v. Hendrickson, 27 Utah 2d 251, 495 P.2d 28 (1972) ; Staples v. Weyher, 26 Utah 2d 387, 490 P.2d 330 (1971); Lynch v. MacDonald, 12 Utah 2d 427, 367 P.2d 464 (1962).
. Holland v. Brown, 15 Utah 2d 422, 394 P.2d 77 (1964) ; Horman v. Lloyd, 28 Utah 2d 112, 499 P.2d 124 (1972) ; Hawkins v. Perry, 123 Utah 16, 253 P.2d 372 (1953).
. Openshaw v. Openshaw, 80 Utah 9, 12 P. 2d 364 (1932) : “A litigant claiming his costs and to whom the trial court has awarded costs, in order to recover the same from the adverse party, must file his cost bill within the time prescribed by the statute. Houghton et al. v. Barton, 49 Utah 611, 165 P. 471 (1917) ; Checketts v. Collings (Utah), 1 P.2d 950, 75 A.L.R. 1393.”
Reference
- Full Case Name
- LEGER CONSTRUCTION, INC., a corporation, and v. ROBERTS, INC., and v. UNITED STATES FIDELITY AND GUARANTY COMPANY, a corporation, Added
- Status
- Published