Muse v. United States
Muse v. United States
Opinion of the Court
SHOW CAUSE ORDER
This matter comes before the court on the Petitioner’s pro se “Motion Under- 28 U.S.C. § 2255 to Vacate, Set Aside, .or Correct Sentence” (“Motion”), filed by .the Clerk on May 27, 2016. ECF No. 285.
The instant Motion, Petitioner’s first under 28 U.S.C. § 2255, appears to be untimely. The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA), Pub. L. No. 104-132, § 105, 110 Stat. 1214 (1996), imposes a one-year statute of limitations on § 2255 motions. Section 2255, as amended by AEDPA, provides in relevant part:
A 1-year period of limitation shall apply to a motion under this section. The limitation period shall run from the latest of—
(1) the date on which the judgment of conviction becomes final;
(2) the date on which the impediment to making a motion created by governmental action in violation of the Constitution or laws of the United States is removed, if the movant was prevented from making a motion by such governmental action;
(3) the date on which the right asserted was initially recognized by the Supreme Court, if that right has been newly recognized by the Supreme Court and made retroactively applicable to cases on collateral review; or
(4) the date on which the facts supporting the claim or claims presented could have been discovered through the exercise of due diligence.
28 U.S.C. § 2255(f). The Petitioner’s judgment became final on July 15, 2014. See Fed. R. App. P. 4(b) (mandating that a criminal defendant file a notice of appeal within fourteen days after the. entry of judgment). Therefore, the one-year period to file a § 2255 motion expired on July 15, 2015, making the instant Motion untimely under 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f)(1).
Here, the Petitioner was not sentenced under the ACCA. Rather, he .was deemed a “career offender” under Section 4Bl.l(a) of the United States Sentencing Guidelines (“U.S.S.G.”), which provides the following:
A defendant is a career offender if (1) the defendant was at least eighteen years old at the time the defendant committed the instant offense of conviction; (2) the instant offense of conviction is a felony that is either a crime of violence or a controlled substance offense; and (3) the defendant has at least two prior felony convictions of either a crime of violence or a controlled substance offense.
U.S.S.G. § 4Bl.l(a).
It is true that the ACCA’s provision defining “violent felony” has nearly the same residual clause as the residual clause in the provision defining “crime of violence” for the career offender provision of the Sentencing Guidelines. Compare 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)(2)(B)(ii), with U.S.S.G. § 4B1.2(a)(2). However, for the Motion to be timely under § 2255(f) (3), the Petitioner must demonstrate two things. First, since his prior felony drug conviction counted as one of the two required convictions to qualify as a career offender, the Petitioner must show that, both, his robbery conviction and, his abduction conviction fall under the residual clause of U.S.S.G. § 4B1.2(a). If either conviction falls under that provision’s force clause, by contrast, then Johnson is not even arguably relevant. Second, the Petitioner must show that Johnson actually does extend to the residual clause of § 4B1.2(a).
The Petitioner’s Motion fails at the first step, due to the fact that his prior felony conviction for Virginia robbery is a “violent felony” under the AGCA’s force clause. See United States v. Presley, 52 F.3d 64, 69 (4th Cir. 1995) (“Thus, because robbery in Virginia has as an element the use or threatened use of force, Presley’s .robbery convictions were properly used as predicates under ACCA.”). The ACCA’s force clause has the same language- as the force clause definition of “crime of violence” for the .career offender provision of the Sentencing Guidelines. Compare 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)(2)(B)©, with U.S.S.G. § 4B1.2(a)(l), Accordingly, Virginia robbery is also a “crime of violence” under the force clause of U.S.S.G. § 4B1.2(a). Thus, given this prior felony conviction for Virginia robbery and another prior felony con
For the foregoing reasons, the Petitioner is WARNED that the Motion .will be dismissed as untimely, unless he can otherwise demonstrate that it was filed within the proper time period under 28 Ú.S.G. § 2255, as set forth herein. See Hill v. Braxton, 277 F.3d 701, 708 (4th Cir. 2002). The Petitioner is granted thirty (30) days from the date of entry of this Show Cause Order to make such a showing.
The Clerk is DIRECTED to send a copy of this Show Cause Order to the Petitioner and the United States Attorney at Norfolk.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
. The court accepts the Motion as effectively filed'on the date the Petitioner certifies he placed it in the prison’s internal mailing system, which is May 23, 2016. See Houston v. Lack, 487 U.S. 266, 108 S.Ct. 2379, 101 L.Ed.2d 245 (1988) (articulating the “prison mailbox rule”).
. The term "crime of violence” in U.S.S.G. § 4B1.1(a) is defined by § 4B1.2(a).
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Albertis Lloyd MUSE v. United States
- Cited By
- 1 case
- Status
- Published