Commonwealth v. Smallwood Memorial Institute
Commonwealth v. Smallwood Memorial Institute
Opinion of the Court
delivered the opinion of the court.
This is a proceeding for redress against alleged erroneous assessments of taxes, State and local, under sections 567, 568 and 571 of the Code. Smallwood Memorial Institute, claiming to be the equitable owner of certain real and personal property, the legal title to which was in Rosa E. Smallwood, and Rosa E. Smallwood and J. R. Pollard, trustees for Thelma Smallwood, made its application under the sections referred to, and secured the relief desired, and from the order granting such relief this writ of error was allowed upon the petition of the Auditor of Public Ac counts and the county of Surry.
“Buildings, with the land they actually occupy, and the furniture, furnishings, books and instruments therein, wholly devoted to educational purposes, belonging to, and actually and exclusively occupied and used by churches, public libraries, incorporated colleges, academies, industrial schools, seminaries, or other incorporated institutions of learning, including the Virginia Historical Society, which are not corporations having shares of stock or otherwise owned by individuals or other corporations; together with such additional adjacent land owned by such churches, libraries and educational institutions as may be xeasonbly necessary for the convenient use of such buildings, respectively; and also the buildings thereon used as residences by the officers or instructors of such educational institutions; and also the permanent endowment funds, held by such libraries and educational institutions directly or in trust, and not invested in real estate; provided, that such libraries and educational institutions are not conducted for profit of any person or persons, natural or corporate, directly, or under any guise or pretense whatsoever.
The exemption of this class of property accords with the accepted policy of this State for many years, but it is unnecessary to refer to the statutes antedating the present Constitution, because the question is controlled by the section just quoted, and its proper construction. It may be said in this case, as Buchanan, J., said in Commonwealth v. Lynchburg Y. M. C. A., 115 Va. 747, 80 S. E. 589, 50 L. R. A. [U. S.] 1197: “It is insisted by the Commonwealth that the provision of section 183 of the Constitution must receive a strict construction. The general rule is that provisions exempting property of individuals or private corporations from taxation must be strictly construed, taxation of such property being the rule and exemption from taxation the exception. One of the reasons for this is, that all such persons should bear their full share of the burdens of taxation, and that lessening the burdens of one increases the burden of others. But as the policy of the State has always been to exempt property of the character mentioned and described in section 183 of the Constitution, it should not be construed with the same degree of strictness that applies. to provisions making exemptions contrary to the policy of the State, since as to such property exemption is the rule and taxation the exception.”
These facts sufficiently appear from the record: The Smallwood Memorial Institute, incorporated 1913, is the successor of the Temperance Industrial and Collegiate Institute, and is an industrial school which has been
Under these facts, we have no doubt whatever that these three adjoining parcels of land, together with the furniture, furnishings, books and instruments thereon, including
Affirmed, in fart, reversed in fart, and remanded.
Reference
- Cited By
- 17 cases
- Status
- Published
- Syllabus
- 1. Taxations—Relief Against Erroneous Assessment—Sections 567, 568, 571, Code of 190k—Equitable Owner.—Sections 567, 568 and 571 of the Code of .1904 provide for redress to “any person assessed with taxes * * * aggrieved by any such assessment.” In the instant case it was contended that the statutes must be strictly construed, and that thus construed the relief can only be granted to the person in whose name the property is assessed. Held: That the holder of the equitable title to property which is assessed in the name of his trustee, may apply for and receive relief under these statutes. 2. Taxation—Relief Against Erroneous Assessment—Sections 567, 568, 571, Code of 190k—Liberal Construction of Statute.—The statute (Code of 1904, sections 567, 568, 571) Is remedial and its avowed purpose is to provide an expeditious and inexpensive remedy for relief against axes which have been erroneously assessed or collected, and remedial statutes are not strictly construed, but are given a liberal construction with the view of advancing the remedy sought to be applied in accordance with the true intent and purpose of the legislature. 3. Taxation—Exemptions—Construction of Section 188 of the Constitution of 1902.—The general rule is that provisions exempting property of individuals or private corporations from taxation must be strictly construed, taxation of such property being the rule and exemption from taxation the exception. One of the reasons for this is, that all such persons should bear their fair share of the burdens of taxation, and that lessening the burdens of one increases the burden of others. But as the policy of the State has always been to exempt property of the character mentioned and described in section 183 of the Constitution of 1902, it should not be construed with the same degree of strictness that applies to provisions making exemptions contrary to the policy of the State, since as to such property exemption is the rule and taxation the exception. 4. Taxation—Exemptions—Educational Institution. — An incorporated industrial school organized and maintained by charitable gifts was the equitable owner of three tracts of land adjoining each other. The important buildings of the school were located upon one of the tracts and the three tracts were occupied jointly and parts were cultivated for the benefit of the institution. 'The charter of the school showed that it was an eleemosynary corporation without shares of stock, not owned by individuals or corporations. Held: That these three adjoining parcels of land, together with the furniture, furnishings, books and instruments thereon, including farming implements used in connection with the farm or demonstration work, constitute property exempt from taxation under sub-section (d), section 183, of the Constitution of 1902. 5. Taxation—Exemptions—Educational Institution.—Land assessed in the name of its legal owner, not adjoining the property upon which the school buildings are located, nor used for any school purpose, and never conveyed to the school, whether derived from the same source as the other property of the school or not, is not exempt under section 183, Constitution of 1902, because not used for school purposes. 6. Taxation—Exemptions—Educational Institution. — An electric light and power plant located upon school property for the purpose of supplying the school buildings with light and power, and also supplying a neighboring village, and some of the citizens, with electric light, where it can be segregated for taxation from the residue of the school property, is not exempt from taxation under section 183, Constitution of 1902.