Government of the Virgin Islands v. Clark
Government of the Virgin Islands v. Clark
Opinion of the Court
ORDER CLARIFYING SENTENCE
THIS MATTER is before the Court on Inmate Brett Clark's Petition for Writ of Mandamus.
Clark was convicted of aggravated rape in violation of V.I. Code Ann. Tit. 14, § 1700, and unlawful sexual contact in violation of 14 V.I.C. § 1708. On July 3,1991, he was sentenced to two concurrent eight year terms of imprisonment. Clark claims that the V.I. Bureau of Corrections has incorrectly interpreted his sentence to be a mandatory eight year sentence and has calculated his release date as March 4,1999. Clark argues that only seven years of the sentence is mandatory. Further, he argues that he is entitled to accumulate good conduct credits during his minimum sentence, and that the correct release date should be March 4, 1998.
DISCUSSION
A sentencing court may entertain a motion for clarification of a sentence imposed in furtherance of its jurisdiction. Joseph v. DeCastro, 27 V.I. 297, 310-313, 805 F.Supp. 1242 (D.C.V.I. 1992). Clark was sentenced by this Court pursuant to its authority to adjudicate offenses arising from violations of Virgin Islands criminal statutes. Id-
Title 14 V.I.C. § 1700
". . . Notwithstanding the provisions of Title 5, chapters 313, 405 and 407, Virgin Islands Code,3 or any other provision of law, imposition or execution of the . . . minimum period of incarceration shall not be suspended; neither shall probation, parole, or any other form of release be granted for this minimum period of incarceration."
The good conduct statute, codified at 5 V.I.C. § 4571, states as follows:
*356 Computation of good conduct allowances
Each prisoner confined in a prison or jail in the Virgin Islands for a definite term other than for life, whose record of conduct shows that he has faithfully observed all the rules and has not been subjected to punishment, shall be entitled to a deduction from the term of his sentence beginning with the day on which the sentence commences to run, to be credited as earned and computed monthly as follows: Six days for each month of time served.
The Judgment and Commitment entered on July 3, 1991, sentenced Clark to two concurrent eight year terms, only seven years of which are mandatory pursuant to the language of 14 V.I.C. § 1700 (before amendment). Clark's argument is that neither the statute nor case law prevents him from earning good conduct credit during the mandatory term of incarceration, except that such credit cannot result in a release date prior to the expiration of the mandatory minimum period. In other words, Clark argues that he earned good conduct credit during the mandatory seven years — a total of 504 days (or 1 year, 4 months, 19 days). According to his calculations, when such time is subtracted from the eighth year of his sentence the result is a release date one year earlier than that reflected on the Bureau's sentence computation sheet.
Courts interpreting statutes similar to the one at bar rely on the language of the statute and the policy regarding imposition of mandatory minimums to conclude that any credits earned against a sentence begin to accrue after the expiration of the mandatory minimum period. In Febonio v. Supt. Mass. Correctional Institution, 664 N.E.2d 81 (App. Ct. Mass. 1996), a defendant sentenced to a term of imprisonment "for not less than three nor more than fifteen years" challenged the denial of time earned during his three year mandatory minimum sentence. In affirming the lower court's decision to deny good conduct credit, the Appeals court relied on the language of the statute to conclude that the defendant was not eligible to receive good conduct deductions for the period during which he serves his mandatory minimum. Such credit was deemed to begin to accrue after the defendant served his mandatory period of incarceration. Id. at 482-483.
Clark's argument is flawed. According to Clark, a prisoner may accrue credits against a mandatory minimum sentence except that such credits cannot result in a release date prior to the expiration of such sentence. However, this position ignores the language of the statute under which he was sentenced which clearly prohibits the application of good conduct credits to service of the mandatory minimum by providing that the provisions of probation, good conduct, or parole statutes do not apply during the minimum period of incarceration. Simply put, the Virgin Islands Code
CONCLUSION
In light of the foregoing, Clark begins earning good credit allowance at the expiration of his mandatory seven year sentence, on March 4, 1998. During the remaining year, all things being equal, he accrues seventy-two days credit which, when subtracted from March 4,1999, results in a release date on or about December 18, 1998.
Clark also challenged the calculation on equal protection grounds. He claims that the Bureau has calculated sentences for two other inmates inconsistently with his. In light of this decision, however, the Court sees no reason to address the issue of equal protection at this time.
Now therefore, it is hereby ORDERED AS FOLLOWS:
1. that Clark's motion for clarification of sentence is GRANTED.
2. that the Bureau of Corrections is directed to recalculate Clark's sentence in accordance with this opinion, awarding him good conduct credits, as appropriate, in accordance with applicable law.
DATED: February 26, 1998.
Upon review of the claim, this Court finds that what Clark seeks is a clarification of his sentence. In the interest of judicial economy this matter will be construed as a motion in the criminal case (91-007) and not as a separate civil action. Thus, in the future, the caption should mirror the caption in the criminal case.
The statute was amended in 1992, subsequent to Clark's sentencing. It now provides for a mandatory minimum sentence of ten years.
Chapter 313 refers to probation; chapter 405 refers to good conduct allowances; and chapter 407 refers to parole.
In a recent case, the Territorial court of the Virgin Islands, established that the "term of sentence" to which the good conduct statute applied was any term actually spent in confinement. Guadalupe v. Ballentine, 32 V.I. 55 (T. Ct. St., 1994). The court noted that the
Reference
- Full Case Name
- GOVERNMENT OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS v. BRETT A. CLARK
- Status
- Published