State v. Stewart
State v. Stewart
Opinion of the Court
Charles Daniel Stewart appeals his conviction of third degree assault, RCW 9A.36.030. We affirm.
The sole question is whether RCW 9A.36.030(1) applies to custody officers of the County Law Enforcement Center. We answer affirmatively. RCW 9A.36.030, the assault statute in question, provides:
Assault in the third degree. (1) Every person who, under circumstances not amounting to assault in either the first or second degree, shall be guilty of assault in the third degree when he:
(a) With intent to prevent or resist the execution of any lawful process or mandate of any court officer or the lawful apprehension or detention of himself or another person shall assault another; . . .
Mr. Stewart, relying upon State v. Williams, 29 Wn. App. 86, 89, 627 P.2d 581 (1981), claims this statute is limited to assaults upon a law enforcement officer. Williams, decided by this court, construed former RCW 9A.36.030 in the context of a constitutional challenge. The trial court had determined the statute applied only to an arrest pursuant to warrant or other court process; however, the State appealed, claiming RCW 9A.36.030 could be limited "to assaults upon a law enforcement officer occurring during a 'lawful apprehension or detention'" to avoid an overbroad interpretation. Williams, at 89. The court agreed, stating: "Lawful 'apprehension' and 'detention' are forms of an arrest, yet different from mere custody and arise in situations involving either court process or any lawfully exercised arrest". Williams, at 89-90.
The Supreme Court in State v. Miller, 103 Wn.2d 792,
Here, the facts indicate Mr. Stewart assaulted the custody officers after his arrest and while he was being booked. There is no claim the arrest was not lawful. Furthermore, "[a] law enforcement officer has been defined as one 'whose duty it is to preserve the peace'", McLean v. Department of Corrections, 37 Wn. App. 255, 257, 680 P.2d 65, review denied, 101 Wn.2d 1023 (1984); and "any . . . employee of a governmental entity whose principal duties under law are to hold in custody any person accused of a criminal offense, to maintain public order or to make arrests for crimes ..." (Italics ours.) Anchondo v. Corrections Department, 100 N.M. 108, 666 P.2d 1255 (1983) (quoting New Mexico Tort Claims Act § 41-4-3 (D)). See also Abbott v. Cooper, 218 Cal. 425, 23 P.2d 1027, 1030 (1933) (officer in charge of a county jail had authority to detain persons charged with crime on a suitable writ or process).
Consequently, Mr. Stewart's conviction is affirmed.
Green, C.J., and McInturff, J., concur.
This appeal was heard by a panel of Division Three judges sitting in Division Two.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.