Brown v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co.

Wisconsin Supreme Court
Brown v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co., 109 Wis. 384 (Wis. 1901)
85 N.W. 271; 1901 Wisc. LEXIS 282
Marshall

Brown v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co.

Opinion of the Court

MaRshall, J.

Counsel contend that the evidence does not show contributory negligence as a matter of law. We shall not take time to follow the learned counsel in their ingenious reasoning on that point. The evidence is perfectly clear that the deceased had ample opportunity to discover the danger which resulted fatally to him, and that he drove his horse recklessly into it. He did not make any attempt to discover the coming train, though it must have been in sight when he was at least forty feet from the crossing. The evidence shows one of the most reckless attempts to cross a railway track, regardless of the danger which it in law and in fact suggests, that can be found in the books.

It is further contended that contributory negligence was not a defense, because the train that did the injury was running at an unlawful rate of speed and according to a custom of its servants known to and approved by it. It is argued that the injury to deceased, under the circumstances, should be considered as having been wilfully inflicted by defendant. What constitutes a wilful injury has been so recently fully discussed in this court that we do not feel justified in going over the subject at this time. Bolin v. C., St. P., M. & O. R. Co. 108 Wis. 333. There is no evidence here that the defendant saw the deceased in a place of peril and purposely or recklessly ran the train regardless thereof, nor that the train was operated with such ‘an utter disregard of the safety of persons using the high*390way as to indicate a willingness to injure them. The evidence shows merely that the speed of the train was in excess, of that allowed by law. That comes far short of showing-actual or constructive intent to injure. The act was negligence per se (Elliott, R. R. § 1095, note 1; Smith v. Milwaukee B. & T. Exchange, 91 Wis. 360), but not necessarily actionable negligence. To constitute an actionable wrong, the conduct must be the proximate cause of an injury, without any want of ordinary care on the part of the injured person contributing thereto. There are a large number of cases in the books involving injuries to persons by railroad trains while being operated contrary to law, and it will be found that such a circumstance is uniformly held to be evidence of negligence, not of intent, actual or constructive, to injure. Elliott, R. R. § 1204; White v. C. & N. W. R. Co. 102 Wis. 489; Schneider v. C., M. & St. R. R. Co. 99 Wis. 378. In the latter case, the point upon which appellant’s counsel mainly rely here was urged upon the attention of the court, viz., that where a person is injured by the act of another that is prohibited by statute, the latter is liable to the former for the resulting damages regardless of the question of contributory negligence. The unlawful act involved was that of running a railway train contrary to statutory regulations. The -court decided that the legal restraint put upon a railroad company, as regards the running of its trains, does not relieve a traveler upon the public ways from the duty to use ordinary care for his own safety; that such restraint goes no further than to render the company refusing or neglecting to submit to it liable to the penalty imposed, and to the charge of negligence as a matter of law in a civil action, leaving a person injured by reason of such negligence remediless the same as in any other case of negligence if he contributes to his injury by his own want of ordinary care. It seems that we need not say more in this case.

By the Court.— The judgment is affirmed.

Reference

Full Case Name
Brown, Administrator v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway Company
Cited By
9 cases
Status
Published
Syllabus
Railroads: Injury to person at street crossing: Contributory negligence: Failure to look and listen: Unlawful speed: Constructive intent to injure. 1. If a person approaches a railway track to cross or enter upon it, ordinary care, as a matter of law, requires him, before doing so, to look and listen for a coming train, and, if there is one in plain sight or hearing, so circumstanced as to suggest reasonable probability of clanger for such person to proceed, to discover such situation and not to go upon the track till the danger is past. 2. The rule above stated is'absolute,'so that a person about to enter upon a railway track is chargeable with knowledge of such dangers as he may reasonably discover by the use of his sense of sight and that of hearing. Neither violation of statutory regulations .on the part of the railway company as regards the speed of its trains or signaling the approach thereof, nor any other negligent act on its part, nor mere diversion of. attention on the part of the injured person, will excuse him from the performance of his duty to care for his own safety. 3. Failure on the part of a railway company to comply with statutory regulations as to the speed of its trains in running through a village, or failure to signal the approach thereof to a street or highway crossing, as the law requires, is negligence per se, but not necessarily actionable negligence at the suit of one injured by such a train. 4. In the circumstances last above stated, the mere unlawful act does not constitute actionable negligence unless the injury be proximately caused thereby, without want of ordinary care on the part of the injured person, contributing thereto. 5. The mere intentional running of a railway train contrary to police regulations, designed to promote the safety Of persons in crossing the track, does not constitute actual or constructive intent to inflict an injury upon such a person, so that if he is injured thereby he may recover compensation therefor regardless of his own contributory negligence. [Syllabus by MARSHALL, J.]