Yanike v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co.
Yanike v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co.
Opinion of the Court
It is contended that the evidence is without dispute in support of the ultimate fact that the plaintiff’s in
1. It is argued that his statement that the governor belt thus caused him these injuries is rendered wholly incredible by the following facts: When first he was asked, after the injury, how he got hurt, he stated he did not know and that he guessed the fly-wheel caught him; the position in which the body was found; the nature of his injuries; the facts and circumstances showing that the governor belt could not have struck him as he testified. As to the weight of this alleged former statement, it is manifest that the plaintiff did not undertake thereby to give in a detailed manner what occurred at the time, but he merely stated generally, in reply to questions put to him a few days after the injury, that he guessed the flywheel caught him. It is apparent from the context of the statement that the plaintiff was not attempting to give a detailed account of what occurred and what caused him to be injured. It is quite probable that when he fell as he testified, this caused him to come into contact with the drive belt or the fly-wheel, and he stated his conclusion during this interview. Nor, does the position of his body on the floor after the in
2. It is further contended that it is a physical impossibility that a belt of the size of this governor belt, running at the rate of speed it did and under the tension to which it was subjected, could, when it broke, whip over and fly with sufficient force toward the plaintiff to strike him as he testified it did. That the belt broke is not disputed. It is, however, averred that it appears that the material of the belt had so deteriorated from excessive absorption of machine oil that it had little if any elasticity or tensile strength and required but little force to break it, and hence, under well known physical laws, the broken end could not have whipped over or flown toward the plaintiff and have imparted a blow on his head sufficiently heavy to cause him to be stunned and to fall. Oounsel’s argument on this point assumes these conditions as matter of common knowledge in the light of the facts and circumstances shown by the evidence. There are, however, insurmountable obstacles to such an assumption. The plaintiff’s evidence is positively and clearly to the effect that the end of the belt whipped up and flew toward him and that it struck him with such force that it stunned and felled him. Eurthermore, the inference from the evidence of some of the witnesses who had
3. It is strenuously asserted that the facts wholly fail to show that the defendant could reasonably have contemplated that any. injury would probably be caused to some person by this defective belt. If the facts and circumstances- are such that the consequences attributable to the negligence charged are within the field of reasonable anticipation, then the party guilty thereof is liable, though they may not have been specifically contemplated by him. Morey v. Lake Superior T. & T. Co. 125 Wis. 148, 103 N. W. 271, and cases there cited. The argument upon this point rests largely on the contention advanced by the appellant to support the claims respecting the facts involved in the foregoing question, to the effect that it was wholly improbable- that a break in this belt, in the light of the conditions and the uses and functions to which it was applied, would cause an injury to any person. Viewing the situation as we have indicated, the question arises: Are the injuries found by the verdict as resulting from the defendant’s negligence of such an unusual and extraordinary character as to place them outside of the ordinary experiences of life and hence not to be anticipated by a person of ordinary intelligence and prudence ? It does not so impress us. The fact that a defective belt may, when in operation, break and impart a dangerous blow to an operative near it, is not such an
4. It is also contended that if tbe belt is to be considered a defective one and that its breaking was tbe proximate cause of tbe plaintiffs injuries, then, under tbe facts and circumstances ■shown, tbe pjaintiff assumed tbe risk and was guilty of contributory negligence in attempting to put grease into tbe cups while tbe machine was in operation. This claim is predicated on tbe grounds that tbe plaintiff was an experienced operator of this machine, bad full opportunity to know tbe condition of tbe belt and tbe dangers incident to its breaking, and that be bad no occasion to put grease in tbe cup during tbe hours tbe engine and drive shaft with tbe attachments and belts were in motion. Though there is testimony that this service was commonly performed before starting tbe engine in tbe morning and during tbe noon hour, yet it is a matter of inference as to whether or not it was necessary and proper to put grease into these cups during tbe hours tbe machinery was in operation. Nor can it be said, as matter of law, that tbe plaintiff knew or should have known of tbe defective condition of tbe belt. Indeed, tbe evidence of witnesses experienced in such matters presents serious conflicts as to tbe external evidence of its defective condition. Tbe undisputed inferences from tbe whole evidence on these questions is not so clear that we can say as matter of law that tbe plaintiff’s conduct, per se, establishes that be was negligent or that be assumed tbe risk.
In connection with tbe fifth question tbe court instructed tbe jury to tbe effect that if tbe plaintiff “ought, in tbe exercise of ordinary care, to have known and appreciated tbe
We find no reversible error in tbe admission of tbe evidence of tbe witness Gether. He showed himself to be sufficiently informed on tbe subject to qualify as an expert. Tbe fact that bis evidence was received as rebuttal did not operate to .the defendant’s prejudice and does not warrant tbe conclusion that it substantially affected tbe defendant’s rights.
We find no reversible error in tbe record.
By the Court. — Judgment affirmed.
Dissenting Opinion
(dissenting). Tbe case, it seems, is governed in favor of appellant by well established rules of law which have either been overlooked, or, for the time, not appreciated. It is a criticism on the administration of the law in this field, not wholly unwarranted, that it goes in such seemingly uncertain and irregular lines as to give rise to an impression that cases turn upon elastic rules of arbitration rather than definite and unbending rules of law.
No one saw the belt strike respondent unless he did. He became insensible the instant the accident occurred and did not regain consciousness for a considerable length of time. The nature of his injury indicates that it could not have been caused, directly, by a blow from the belt, but was caused by the fall and movements of machinery at that moment. He
In the light of the foregoing, the case, I think, should be ruled by the well established doctrine that unless the plaintiff produces evidence of sufficient probative power to remove, in his favor, the cause of his injury from the realms of conjecture, he cannot recover. Hyer v. Janesville, 101 Wis. 371, 77 N. W. 729; Clark v. Franklin F. Mut. F. Ins. Co. 111 Wis. 65, 86 N. W. 549; Stock v. Kern, 142 Wis. 219, 125 N. W. 447; Hart v. Neillsville, 141 Wis. 3, 15, 123 N. W. 125; Bakalars v. Continental C. Co. 141 Wis. 43, 122 N. W. 721.
There is another rule of law quite as firmly established as tbe one above adverted to and quite as fatal to tbe recovery complained of, which arises on the following state of tbe case: Tbe respondent was a man of age, discretion, and large experience with machinery, particularly with tbe precise situation. Tbe belt was a very small, simple contrivance. It was so located and used that it was under bis observation, necessarily, many times each day, — times when it was idle as well as when it was at work. According to bis testimony, be bad known for. a considerable length of time that it was weak. It bad. broken once before to bis knowledge. Every circumstance bearing on tbe question shows that respondent bad a far better opportunity to know tbe condition of it than any one representing appellant. In that situation why should not tbe well known rule apply that where tbe employee has tbe same or better .facilities than tbe master for knowing the condition of his working place, tools, or appliances, imperiling bis personal safety, be is guilty of fatal contributory negligence in not taking note thereof and acting in bis own protection, and of fatal assumption of tbe risk if be does know of the situation and nevertheless subjects himself to it.
Case-law data current through December 31, 2025. Source: CourtListener bulk data.