Milwaukee County v. Milwaukee Electric Railway & Light Co.
Milwaukee County v. Milwaukee Electric Railway & Light Co.
Opinion of the Court
The village of Fox Point is an incorporated village in Milwaukee county. The defendant is a public service corporation, as defined by sec. 184.01, Stats. In 1927 the village board divided the village into seven sanitary sewer districts, of which only districts one and two are here involved. The defendant owned certain rights of way for the operation of a street-car line up to November 2, 1928. A certain portion of the line of the street railway was owned in fee up to this date. On the date in question the defendant executed a conveyance of all its interest in all the lands involved to the Realty Development & Investment Company. In accordance with the action on the part of the village board, certain sanitary sewers were constructed and assessments made upon adjoining property, upon the linear-foot basis. Defendant was assessed for 1,293 feet sewer frontage. The defendant did not pay the assessment, and the taxes were returned as delinquent in lieu of cash, by the village to the county. In the absence of bidders at the tax sale, the county bid in the tax pursuant to sec. 74.42, and commenced this action under secs. 74.13 and 74.14. Sec. 74.13, Stats., provides:
“74.13 Action for collection of taxes against public utilities. In addition to the other remedies provided by law for the collection of taxes against real estate, an action of*171 debt shall lie in the name of the town, city or village, and, after the tax is returned as delinquent, in the name of the county, for any tax heretofore or hereafter levied upon and extended against the property of any public service corporation as defined in section 184.01, which property is subject to taxation like the property of individuals, and which tax remains unpaid after the last day of January in any year. Summons in such action shall issue at the request of the treasurer of the town, city, village or county, as the case may be; shall be served as provided in section 262.09, and such action shall be subject to all of the rules of law and practice in this state applicable to actions of debt. The complaint in such action shall be served with the summons. Judgment in such action shall be entered and execution issued thereon as in other actions of debt. The judgment shall bear interest at the rate of ten per cent, per annum from the date of entry until paid.”
The foregoing are sufficient facts to form the basis for considering the contention made by the defendant. It will be noticed that sec. 74.13 is entitled “Action for collection of taxes against public utilities,” and that it provides, in addition to other remedies provided by law for the collection of taxes against real estate, that an action of debt shall lie in favor of the town, city, or village for taxes levied upon and extended against the property of a public service corporation, which property is subject to taxation like the property of individuals and is in default. It is further provided that as a condition to defending such an action the defendant must first pay the amount of the tax with interest, penalties, and charges.
It is contended by the defendant that sec. 74.13 has no application to the collection of special assessments against the operating property of a railway company, and that the proceeding should have been under sec. 75.65. The latter section makes the property of every county, city, village, town, and school district within this state, and of every corporation, company, or individual operating any railroad
Sec. 75.66 provides that the officers authorized to collect taxes from individuals shall have power to collect the special assessments in .the same manner as they are collected from individuals, and that they may, upon proper authorization, institute and prosecute an action to collect these assessments in the name of “such city or village.” It is provided that like action may be maintained by the owner or holder of any special assessment certificate or improvement bond in his own name and at his own cost. In the case of an action by the city or village, the production of the proper warrant for the collection of the assessment, together with the tax roll or list showing the amount thereof, is to be prima facie evidence of the correctness and validity of the assessment. In case the action is brought by the owner or holder of a certificate or bond, the same result follows the production of the certificate or bond, tax roll, or list showing the amount thereof, and warrant for its collection. There is, however, no provision requiring the payment of the amount of such certificate or bond as a condition to defending.
Ch. 76 provides in substance for the assessment of property of railroad and railway companies by the Tax Commission, but sec. 76.02,'as that section existed prior to 1931, provides:
“(7) . . . All real estate not necessarily used in operating any railroad or street railway are excepted from railroad and street railway property, and shall be subject to taxation in the manner such property is taxed when owned by individuals.”
With these provisions of the statutes in mind, the contention of the defendant may perhaps more clearly be stated. The operating property of a railroad or railway company is not subject to local assessment but is assessed by the Tax Commission. The non-operating property is subject to taxation in the same manner as property of individuals, and is assessed by the local unit. All property of a railway company or utility, whether operating or non-operating, is subject to special assessments, and the lien thereof is enforced in the same manner and to the same extent as though it existed against the property of an individual. Defendant contends that sec. 74.13 relates to general taxes, and to property of a utility which is non-operating and therefore which falls under the provisions of sub. (7), sec. 76.02, and is subject to taxation as though owned by an individual. This argument leads to the conclusion that the cause of action, if any, in this case is under sec. 75.65, and that it is in the certificate holder, bondholder, or taxing unit, and not in the county which has bid in the delinquent tax.
Plaintiff’s contention is that the remedy created by sec. 74.13 is specifically provided to be in addition to all of the remedies for the collection of “taxes;” that the terms “tax,” “taxes,” and “taxation” include special assessments, and that sec. 75.65 makes all of the property of a public utility or railroad as subject to special assessments (taxes) as the property of an individual.
It is further claimed that sec. 75.66 is plainly not applicable in this situation for the reason that the instant assessment was levied under the provisions of secs. 62.18 and 62.16 (6), and bonds secured by said assessments and payable in instalments were issued pursuant to sec. 62.21. The bonds issued were for the par value of $1,000 each,
It is further pointed out that sec. 62.21 (1) (d)' provides that instalments of special assessments securing special improvement bonds “shall be returned to the county as delinquent and accepted and collected by the county in the same manner as delinquent general taxes on real estate,” and that sec. 62.21 (1) (h) 1 requires that all special'assessments and instalments of special assessments which are returned to the county treasurer as delinquent by any city, town, or village treasurer and accepted by the county treasurer in lieu of cash, under par. (d) of sub. (1), shall be set forth in a separate column of the delinquent return and shall be plainly distinguished from special assessments issued under laws prior to the passage and publication of ch. 406 of the Laws of 1927. It is contended that the former practice was to return special assessments for collection as trust items, but that since the county is now required to accept the delinquent return in lieu of cash, the special assessments have acquired, at least with reference to their collection, the character of general taxes. It is further claimed, in view of the fact that bonds are secured by all the assessments and the delinquent assessments credited as though they were general taxes, and an amount reserved by the local taxing unit to meet these bonds out of the general funds, that there is the same urgency for monetary realization as exists in the case of general taxes.
It is further claimed that since the taxes were returned by the village and the village credited by the county, the village lost all right to maintain an action under sec. 75.66,
It is concluded that the proper construction of sec. 74.13 is that it does not apply to special assessments or to the operating property of a utility. While in some instances the words “tax” or “taxation” may be treated as including special assessments, it ordinarily means a general tax. In Yates v. Milwaukee, 92 Wis. 352, 66 N. W. 248, it was held that a statutory provision that certain land shall not be subject to taxation does not exempt it from special taxes or assessments for local improvements. It was said there:
“While assessments are said, in strictness, to be made under the taxing power, they are ‘so far separated and distinguished from general taxation as to have obtained a distinct name, and that name, assessments. As such, they have been known and described for a number of years in the older states, in their contracts, laws, and constitutions. A clear distinction between them and other taxation was established.’ ... A familiar illustration of the popular understanding is found in the language used in leases, and in those before us, where general taxes, when so intended, are named simply as ‘taxes;’ and when assessments are intended the words ‘special taxes’ or ‘assessments’ are employed to express such intent.”
It was recognized in the opinion that under various provisions for selling and conveying lands charged with assessments for non-payment, the assessment may be said to be a tax, as there is no other methpd by which collection can be enforced save through the agency of the laws for the sale and conveyance of lands for the non-payment of general taxes. Dalrymple v. Milwaukee, 53 Wis. 178, 187, 10
This conclusion makes it evident that plaintiff has no standing to sue under sec. 74.13, and no cause of action under this section. It therefore becomes unnecessary to consider the other contentions of defendant.
It follows that the judgment must be reversed and the complaint dismissed.
By the Court. — Judgment reversed, and cause remanded with directions to dismiss the complaint.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Milwaukee County v. Milwaukee Electric Railway & Light Company
- Status
- Published