Trastek v. Dahlem
Trastek v. Dahlem
Opinion of the Court
The evidence amply sustains the finding of the jury that Dahlem was not guilty of negligence in the
“Question No. 10: Did the defendant Dahlem at or just before the accident turn his car to the left?
“Answer: Yes.”
“Question No. 11: If you answer question No. 10 ‘yes’ then answer this question : Was the car of defendant Dahlem in the south traffic lane or was it in the traffic lane which was immediately to the right of and next to the center of the highway when he turned to his left at or just before the accident ?
“Answer: Next to the center of the highway.”
“Question No. 12: If you answer question No. 10 ‘yes’ then answer this question: Did the defendant Dahlem fail to use ordinary care in turning his car to the left as found by your answer to question No. 11 ?
“Answer: No.”
To comply with the statutes applicable to this situation, the operator of a vehicle upon a highway should not deviate from the traffic lane in which he is operating without first ascertaining that he can do so with safety, and without injury to cars which may be following him. Sec. 85.16 (2), Stats. He is also required, if intending to turn to the left into a private way, to make such turn from the traffic lane immediately to the right of and next to the center of the highway. Sec. 85.17 (2), Stats.
Dahlem had a right to be on the highway. He could lawfully move from the outside lane into the inside lane upon ascertaining that such movement could be made with safety to other vehicles moving in the rear. The testimony relates that he moved from one traffic lane to another at a time when it was safe and proper for him to do so. He conformed to the requirements of sec. 85.16 (2), Stats. He was also justified in attempting, in the exercise of ordinary care, to move across the highway into his own driveway. Sec. 85.17 (2), Stats. There is testimony supporting the claim of care and caution on his part. He had moved into the inner traffic lane some three hundred feet from the place of the accident. He was seeking an opportunity to turn into his own driveway, but he did not move out of the inner traffic lane to his left, because the lights of an on-coming car rather suddenly attracted his attention, suggesting the possibility of an attempted passing. ITe did not give way to the right, because he Was in the position he should be in to proceed into his driveway when the highway to the left of him was clear enough to afford him an opportunity to do so. The whole north half of the highway was available to appellant’s driver. Dahlem had lowered his speed. His car was equipped with rear signal lights, which were operating. The state of the
From the questions and answers it appears that the jury found that Dahlem, while driving in the traffic lane immediately south of and next to the center of the highway, and in the exercise of ordinary care, did turn his car to the left just before the accident. The trial court was of the opinion that these findings compelled judgment dismissing the complaint against the respondents, and that order was made.
The assignment of errors is based upon a claim that the findings of the jury do not lead to the conclusion that Dah-lem was free from actionable negligence, because, by the answer to question No. 10, it was found that he did turn to the left; that,causation and anticipation were present; and that question No. 12 ought not to have been submitted. The contention is based in turn upon the proposition that but two explanations of the accident existed; one, that “Dahlem turned his car to the left and into the lane in which Wey-land’s car was traveling just as it was about to pass the Dah-lem car, and that had Weyland continued in his course after Dahlem’s turn, he would have run into the middle left side of Dahlem’s car.” The other explanation or theory was that “defendant Dahlem and his wife testified that he did not turn at all.”
Inconsistency in the answers to the questions of the special verdict does not necessarily exist. The jury did not find Dahlem guilty of turning out of his traffic lane, but they did find that such turn as he made was in the exercise of ordinary care. The meaning appellant ascribes to the finding under question No. 10 is not warranted by the words used in the question or answer. The effect of the jury’s answers to the quoted questions is that Dahlem did not turn his car directly across the path of Weyland’s car. The jury were asked about a left turn. Dahlem had emphatically denied that he had turned across the path of the Weyland car, and in
“When Mr. Dahlem slowed up I sensed something was wrong. I looked through the rear window of the Essex and saw the lights giving a swerve.
“I estimated the lights of the Weyland car were then two or three car lengths back of our car. After that I observed the car skidding past us. My husband was then driving in the second lane from the south.
“From that point on and eastward, had your husband turned the car into the third lane ?
“No, sir.
“Did your husband at any time before this accident turn this Essex car directly across the path of the approaching Weyland car?
“No, sir, he did not.”
The traffic officer, who arrived shortly after the accident happened, testified:
“I talked with him [Dahlem] and he stated that he was in the second lane of traffic, getting ready to turn into his highway, and as he was about to turn he saw the car coming at a fast rate of speed so he stopped.”
The jury understood that Dahlem was moving toward a position from which he could leave the highway and enter his driveway. He had successfully and lawfully placed himself in a marked traffic lane just south of the center of the highway. He had reached a point where he intended to make a further turn. Just how much of this intention had been expressed in an act does not appear, but he was ready to turn when he discovered the proximity of the Weyland car, and he testified: “I kept my car wholly in the second lane.”
Each finding of a special verdict will control as to the particular facts found therein. “Of course, two separate findings in conflict with each other, substantially upon the same specific fact, wpuld nullify each other; so the finding of a specific fact, inconsistent with a more general finding upon
The same presumptions follow special findings which attach to a general verdict. The fact found is presumed to be supported by a preponderance of the evidence and to have been established to the satisfaction of the jury. Specific findings, therefore, to overcome the more comprehensive findings, must exclude every theory which will sustain the broader and more complete finding. The specific finding is inconsistent only when, as a matter of law, it will authorize a judgment different from that which the more comprehensive will permit. To have this effect, all the issues upon which the more comprehensive finding might be sustained must be adversely covered. Clementson, Special Verdicts, p. 139.
The claim that Lardeau v. Johnson, 203 Wis. 509, 234 N. W. 710; Spice v. Kuxman, 206 Wis. 293, 239 N. W. 497; and Hansen v. Biron, 208 Wis. 215, 242 N. W. 498, furnish analogies to be followed in this case fails, because the facts of those cases are not similar to those found by the jury to exist in this case. In seeking an opportunity to turn into his own driveway, Dahlem in no way transgressed against any right in appellant or her driver. The left turn did not cause him to leave the traffic lane in which, under the circumstances, he had a right to be, and whatever he did do was done in the exercise of ordinary care. The cars did not collide. The appellant’s driver was overtaking Dahlem’s car at
By the Court. — Judgment affirmed.
Reference
- Full Case Name
- Trastek, by Guardian, and another v. Dahlem and another, imp.
- Status
- Published