Brooks v. City of Huntington

13-1083 — Brooks v. City of Huntington

FILED November 25, 2014 RORY L. PERRY II, CLERK SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS OF WEST VIRGINIA Benjamin, Justice, concurring:

I am pleased to join in Justice Workman’s opinion for the Court. I write separately merely to emphasize that a modification of the rule in Jarrett v. E. L. Harper & Son, Inc., 160 W. Va. 399, 235 S.E.2d 362 (1977), has become necessary in recognition of the singular status the law affords homesteads, insofar as limiting damages to market value occasionally fails to fully compensate the homeowner, particularly in less affluent neighborhoods. As the Court astutely points out, developers or speculators who are ready, willing, and able to pay market value for a desired property should not enjoy “a private right of inverse condemnation” in coercion of a reluctant seller.1

Indeed, one must wonder whether the rigid rule in Jarrett actually contributed to the City of Huntington’s puzzling disregard for the plight of the homeowners herein whose modest residences were subjected time and again to flooding damage.2 Motivated in part by the City’s apparent indifference in chronically failing to maintain the trash rack over which it had assumed responsibility, I trust the Court’s decision will provide adequate notice to those who might be similarly predisposed and let them know that the cost for such callousness has gone up. And, of course, punitive damages continue to be available in an appropriate case whenever a tortfeasor progresses

To be clear, a cross-appeal is not necessary to preserve rejected alternative grounds that might independently have justified a judgment entered wholly in the respondent’s favor. See Bennett v. Spear, 520 U.S. 154, 166 (1997) (“A respondent is entitled . . . to defend the judgment on any ground supported by the record.” (citations omitted); Blum v. Bacon, 457 U.S. 132, 137 n.5 (1982) (“It is well accepted . . . that without filing a cross-appeal or cross-petition, an appellee may rely upon any matter appearing in the record in support of the judgment below.”) (citations omitted). The underlying judgment does not fall within the Bennett and Blum rule, however, because it was not entirely in the City’s favor. The circuit court’s rejection of the City’s alternative basis for remittitur was not an interlocutory ruling but expressly incorporated within the court’s judgment. The incorporation of that adverse ruling, in conjunction with the award of money damages against the City, rendered a split judgment that required the City to cross-appeal if it wished to do more than merely defend the homeowners’ appeal on the grounds set forth therein. beyond run-of-the-mill callousness to evidence “‘gross fraud, malice, oppression, or wanton, willful, or reckless conduct or criminal indifference to civil obligations affecting the rights of others.’” Perrine v. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 225 W. Va. 482, 550, 694 S.E.2d 815, 883 (2010) (quoting syl. pt. 4, Mayer v. Frobe, 40 W. Va. 246, 22 S.E. 58 (1895)).3

The homeowners suffered devastating harm to their residences and to their neighborhood. Justice does not demand that their troubles be exacerbated by the imposition of an inadequate remedy.